Poly(ethylene tereftalate) (PET)ni ibikoresho bipfunyitse bikunze gukoreshwa n’inganda z’ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa; bityo, ubushyuhe bwayo bwakozweho ubushakashatsi n’abashakashatsi benshi. Bumwe muri ubu bushakashatsi bwashyize imbaraga mu gukora acetaldehyde (AA). Kuba AA iri mu bikoresho bya PET birateye impungenge kuko ifite aho ishyuha cyane mu bushyuhe bw’icyumba (21_C). Uku guhinduka guke kw’ubushyuhe bizayifasha gukwirakwira kuva kuri PET ikagera mu kirere cyangwa mu kindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose kiri mu gikoresho. Gukwirakwira kwa AA mu bicuruzwa byinshi bigomba kugabanywa, kuko uburyohe/impumuro ya AA izwiho kugira ingaruka ku buryohe bw’ibinyobwa bimwe na bimwe n’ibiribwa bipfunyitse. Hari uburyo bwinshi bwavuzwe bwo kugabanya ingano ya AA ikorwa mu gihe cyo gushonga no gutunganya PET. Uburyo bumwe ni ukunoza imiterere yo gutunganya ibikoresho bya PET. Ibi bintu, birimo ubushyuhe bwo gushonga, igihe cyo gutura, n’umuvuduko wo gukata, byagaragaye ko bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku gukora AA. Uburyo bwa kabiri ni ugukoresha resine za PET zakozwe by’umwihariko kugira ngo zigabanye gukora AA mu gihe cyo gukora ibikoresho. Izi resine zizwi cyane nka ''resine za PET zo mu rwego rw’amazi''. Uburyo bwa gatatu ni ugukoresha inyongeramusaruro zizwi nka acetaldehyde.
Ibikoresho byo gukusanya ibintu bya AA byagenewe gukorana na AA iyo ari yo yose ikorwa mu gihe cyo gutunganya PET. Ibi bikoresho byo gukusanya ibintu ntibigabanya kwangirika kwa PET cyangwa ikorwa rya acetaldehyde. Ariko, bishobora kugabanya ingano ya AA ishobora gukwirakwira mu gikoresho bityo bigabanye ingaruka ku bikubiye mu gipfunyika. Imikoranire y'ibintu byo gukusanya ibintu na AA bivugwa ko ibaho hakurikijwe uburyo butatu butandukanye, bitewe n'imiterere ya molekile y'ikintu runaka cyo gukusanya ibintu. Ubwoko bwa mbere bw'uburyo bwo gukusanya ibintu ni uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bya shimi. Muri iki gihe, AA n'ikintu cyo gukusanya ibintu bikora kugira ngo bikore isano ya shimi, bigakora nibura ikintu kimwe gishya. Mu bwoko bwa kabiri bw'uburyo bwo gukusanya ibintu, havuka ihuriro ry'ibintu. Ibi bibaho iyo AA yinjiye mu mwobo w'imbere w'ikintu cyo gukusanya ibintu maze igafatwa mu mwanya wayo binyuze mu guhuza hydrogen, bigatuma habaho urusobe rw'ibintu bibiri bitandukanye bihuzwa hakoreshejwe imigozi ya kabiri ya shimi. Ubwoko bwa gatatu bw'uburyo bwo gukusanya ibintu burimo guhindura AA mu bundi bwoko bwa shimi binyuze mu gukorana kwayo na catalyst. Guhindura AA mu kindi kinyabutabire, nka aside asetiki, bishobora kongera ubushyuhe bw'umwimukira bityo bikagabanya ubushobozi bwe bwo guhindura uburyohe bw'ibiryo cyangwa ibinyobwa bipakiye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-10-2023
