I-Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)yimpahla yokupakisha esetyenziswa kakhulu lishishini lokutya neziselo; ngoko ke, ukuzinza kwayo kubushushu kuye kwafundwa ngabaphandi abaninzi. Ezinye zezi zifundo zigxininise ekuvelisweni kwe-acetaldehyde (AA). Ubukho be-AA ngaphakathi kwezinto ze-PET bubangela inkxalabo kuba inendawo yokubila kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi okanye ngaphantsi (21_C). Olu tshintsho lobushushu oluphantsi luya kuyivumela ukuba isasazeke kwi-PET iye emoyeni okanye nakweyiphi na imveliso engaphakathi kwisikhongozeli. Ukusasazwa kwe-AA kwiimveliso ezininzi kufuneka kuncitshiswe, kuba incasa/ivumba le-AA laziwa ukuba lichaphazela iincasa zezinye iziselo ezipakishiweyo kunye nokutya. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezixeliweyo zokunciphisa ubungakanani be-AA eveliswa ngexesha lokunyibilika nokucubungula i-PET. Enye indlela kukuphucula iimeko zokucubungula apho kwenziwa khona izikhongozeli ze-PET. Ezi zinto ziguquguqukayo, ezibandakanya ubushushu bokunyibilika, ixesha lokuhlala, kunye nesantya sokucheba, zibonakalisiwe ukuba zichaphazela kakhulu ukuveliswa kwe-AA. Indlela yesibini kukusetyenziswa kwee-resin ze-PET ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-AA ngexesha lokwenziwa kwezikhongozeli. Ezi resin zaziwa kakhulu ngokuba yi-''resin ze-PET zezinga lamanzi''. Indlela yesithathu kukusebenzisa izongezo ezaziwa ngokuba zii-acetaldehyde scavenging agents.
Ii-AA scavengers zenzelwe ukusebenzisana nayo nayiphi na i-AA eveliswa ngexesha lokucubungula i-PET. Ezi scavengers azinciphisi ukonakala kwe-PET okanye ukwakheka kwe-acetaldehyde. Nangona kunjalo, zingakwazi ukunciphisa ubungakanani be-AA ekwaziyo ukusasaza ngaphandle kwesikhongozeli kwaye ngaloo ndlela zinciphise naziphi na iziphumo kumxholo opakishiweyo. Ukusebenzisana kwee-agents scavengers ne-AA kucingelwa ukuba kwenzeka ngokweendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo se-molecular ye-scavenger ethile. Uhlobo lokuqala lwendlela yokususa yi-chemical reaction. Kule meko i-AA kunye ne-agent yokususa basabela ukwenza i-chemical bond, bedala ubuncinane imveliso entsha enye. Kuhlobo lwesibini lwendlela yokususa, kwakheka i-inclusion complex. Oku kwenzeka xa i-AA ingena ngaphakathi kwe-agent yokususa kwaye ibanjwe yi-hydrogen bonding, nto leyo ebangela i-complex yee-molecules ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ezidityaniswe ngee-bonds ze-chemical zesibini. Uhlobo lwesithathu lwendlela yokususa luquka ukuguqulwa kwe-AA ibe lolunye uhlobo lwekhemikhali ngokusebenzisana kwayo ne-catalyst. Ukuguqulwa kwe-AA ibe yikhemikhali eyahlukileyo, njenge-acetic acid, kunokunyusa izinga lokubila kwe-migrant ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa amandla ayo okutshintsha incasa yokutya okanye isiselo esipakishiweyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-10-2023
