Isakhiwo sama-moleculeIzifutho ze-UVngokuvamile iqukethe izibopho ezimbili ezihlanganisiwe noma izindandatho ezinuka kamnandi, ezingamunca imisebe ye-ultraviolet yamaza athile (ikakhulukazi i-UVA ne-UVB).

Lapho imisebe ye-ultraviolet ikhanyisa ama-molecule amuncayo, ama-electron kuma-molecule ashintsha esuka esimweni somhlaba aye esimweni sokujabula, amunca amandla emisebe ye-ultraviolet.

Ngemva kokumunca ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, i-molecule isesimweni sokujabula esinamandla aphezulu. Ukuze ibuyele esimweni somhlaba esizinzile, ama-molecule amunca azokhipha amandla ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
①Ushintsho olungeyona imisebe: guqula amandla abe amandla okushisa bese uwadedela endaweni ezungezile.
②Ukugqama noma i-phosphorescence: ingxenye yamandla ingakhishwa ngesimo sokukhanya okubonakalayo (okungavamile).

Ngokumunca imisebe ye-ultraviolet nokuyiguqula ibe amandla okushisa, izifutho ze-UV zinciphisa umonakalo oqondile wemisebe ye-ultraviolet ezintweni (ezifana nepulasitiki, izembozo) noma isikhumba.
Emikhiqizweni yokuvikela ilanga, izithambisi ze-UV zingavimbela imisebe ye-UV ukuthi ingangeni esikhumbeni futhi zinciphise ingozi yokushiswa yilanga, ukuguga kwesithombe kanye nomdlavuza wesikhumba.

OkwethuIzifutho ze-UVzilungele ama-polymer, izembozo kanye nezimonyo. Uma udinga imikhiqizo, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathi, sizophendula zingakapheli amahora angu-48.