Intangiriro y'icyuma gifata imirasire ya UV

Izuba rifite urumuri rwinshi rwa ultraviolet rwangiza ibintu bifite amabara. Uburebure bwarwo bungana na 290 ~ 460nm. Iyi mirasire ya ultraviolet yangiza ituma molekile z'amabara zibora kandi zikangirika binyuze mu kugabanya oxidation y'ibinyabutabire. Gukoresha imirasire ya ultraviolet bishobora gukumira cyangwa kugabanya ingaruka mbi z'imirasire ya ultraviolet ku bintu birinzwe.

Ifata UV ni icyuma gifata urumuri gishobora gufata igice cy'izuba n'urumuri rwa fluorescent bitabaye ngombwa ko cyihindura. Plastike n'ibindi bikoresho bya polymer bitanga imikorere ya auto-oxidation munsi y'izuba n'urumuri rwa fluorescent bitewe n'imikorere y'imirasire ya ultraviolet, ibi biganisha ku kwangirika no kwangirika kwa polymer, ndetse no kwangirika kw'imiterere n'imiterere ya mekanike. Nyuma yo kongeramo ifata UV, uru rumuri rwa ultraviolet rufite ingufu nyinshi rushobora kwinjizwa mu buryo bwihariye, rugahinduka ingufu zitagize ingaruka mbi rukarekurwa cyangwa rukakoreshwa. Bitewe n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa polymer, uburebure bw'imirasire ya ultraviolet ituma igabanuka nabwo buratandukanye. Ifata UV zitandukanye zishobora gufata imirasire ya ultraviolet y'uburebure butandukanye. Mu gihe cyo gukoresha, ifata UV igomba gutoranywa hakurikijwe ubwoko bwa polymer.

Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bigabanya imirasire ya UV

Ubwoko busanzwe bw'ibikoresho bigabanya imirasire y'izuba burimo: benzotriazole (nk'urugero:Akamashini gafata UV 327), benzophenone (nk'ukoAkamashini gafata UV 531), triazine (nk'ukoAkamashini gafata UV 1164), hamwe n'imiti ibuza amine (nk'ukoIterabuzima ry'urumuri 622).

Udupira twa Benzotriazole UV dukoreshwa cyane mu Bushinwa, ariko ingaruka zo gukoresha utpira twa triazine UV ni nziza cyane kurusha utwa benzotriazole. Utpira twa Triazine dufite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukoresha UV n'ibindi byiza. Dushobora gukoreshwa cyane muri polymer, dufite ubushobozi bwo kudahinduka mu bushyuhe, tudahinduka mu buryo bwiza, kandi turwanya aside. Mu bikorwa bifatika, utpira twa triazine UV dukoresha UV tugira ingaruka nziza zo guhuza hamwe n'utwo dupira twa amine tudakora neza. Iyo twombi dukoreshejwe hamwe, tugira ingaruka nziza kuruta iyo dukoreshejwe twonyine.

Udukoresho twinshi dukunze kugaragara two gufata UV

(1)UV-531
Ifu y'umuhondo woroshye cyangwa umweru ukozwe muri kristu. Ubucucike 1.160g/cm³ (25℃). Aho ishongesha 48~49℃. Ishongesha muri acetone, benzene, ethanol, isopropanol, ishongesha gato muri dichloroethane, ntishongesha mu mazi. Ishongesha muri bimwe mu bishongesha (g/100g, 25℃) ni acetone 74, benzene 72, methanol 2, ethanol (95%) 2.6, n-heptane 40, n-hexane 40.1, amazi 0.5. Nk'icyuma gifata UV, gishobora gufata urumuri rwa ultraviolet cyane gifite uburebure bwa 270 ~ 330nm. Ishobora gukoreshwa muri pulasitiki zitandukanye, cyane cyane polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, ABS resin, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride. Ihuye neza na resin kandi ntihinduka cyane. Igipimo rusange ni 0.1% ~ 1%. Igira ingaruka nziza zo guhuza iyo ikoreshejwe hamwe n'ingano nto ya 4,4-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-p-cresol). Iki gicuruzwa gishobora kandi gukoreshwa nk'ikintu gitanga urumuri ku bisigazwa bitandukanye.

(2)UV-327
Nk'igikoresho gifata UV, imiterere n'ikoreshwa ryacyo bisa n'ibya benzotriazole UV-326. Gishobora gukurura cyane imirasire ya ultraviolet ifite uburebure bwa 270 ~ 380nm, gifite ubushobozi bwo kudahinduka neza mu binyabutabire kandi gifite ubushobozi buke bwo kudahinduka. Gishobora guhuza neza na polyolefins. Gikwiriye cyane polyethylene na polypropylene. Byongeye kandi, gishobora no gukoreshwa kuri polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyurethane, polyurethane unsaturated, ABS resin, epoxy resin, cellulose resin, n'ibindi. Iki gicuruzwa gifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya gukaraba, kurwanya imyuka ishira no kugumana imiterere ya mekanike. Gifite ingaruka zikomeye zo guhuza iyo gikoreshejwe hamwe na antioxydants. Gikoreshwa mu kunoza uburyo ubushyuhe buhagarara.

(3)UV-9
Ifu y'umuhondo woroshye cyangwa umweru ukozwe muri kristu. Ubucucike 1.324g/cm³. Aho gushonga 62~66℃. Aho kubira 150~160℃ (0.67kPa), 220℃ (2.4kPa). Ishongeshwa mu bintu byinshi bikomoka ku bimera nka asetone, ketone, benzene, methanol, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, ariko ntishongeshwa mu mazi. Uburyo bishongeshwa mu bintu bimwe na bimwe (g/100g, 25℃) ni solvent benzene 56.2, n-hexane 4.3, ethanol (95%) 5.8, tetrachloride karubone 34.5, styrene 51.2, DOP 18.7. Nk'icyuma gifata imirasire ya UV, kibereye ubwoko butandukanye bwa pulasitiki nka polivinili kloride, polivinilidene kloride, polimetili methacrylate, polyester idafite amazi, ABS resin, poliminili selulose, nibindi. Uburebure bw'uburebure ntarengwa bwo gufata ni 280 ~ 340nm, kandi ingano rusange ni 0.1% ~ 1.5%. Gifite ubushyuhe bwiza kandi ntigishonga kuri 200℃. Iki gicuruzwa ntigifata urumuri rugaragara, bityo kibereye ibintu bibonerana bifite ibara ryoroheje. Iki gicuruzwa gishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu irangi no mu byuma by'ubukorikori.