Ibikoresho byo gufunga ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingenzi mu nganda za none. Muri rusange bifite uburyo bwo gukora nko kuyungurura, gushyiraho imigozi y'ibinyabutabire, urwego rw'umupaka rudakomeye, gukwirakwira kw'ibintu, amashanyarazi ahoraho, n'ingaruka za mekanike. Bifite akamaro kanini ku nganda za none no ku buzima bwa none. Bitewe n'ikoranabuhanga n'ubwiyongere bw'ibikenewe ku isoko, inganda zose zo gufunga zagiye mu ntera y'iterambere ryihuse mu myaka ya vuba aha.

Imiterere y'ubu

Bitewe n’iterambere ry’ubwubatsi bw’inganda zigezweho n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubukungu n’imibereho myiza, uruhare rw’amakori mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abantu rwarushijeho gusimburwa. Ubushobozi bw’isoko ry’amakori ku isi buzagera kuri miliyari 24.384 z’amayuani mu 2023. Isesengura ry’uko urwego rw’inganda zikora amakori ruhagaze ubu rigaragaza ko mu 2029, ingano y’isoko ry’amakori ku isi rizagera kuri miliyari 29.46 z’amayuani, rikiyongera ku kigero cy’izamuka ry’imbumbe ku mwaka rya 3.13% mu gihe cy’iteganyagihe.

Imibare igaragaza ko 27.3% by'ubukorikori bwo mu Bushinwa bukoreshwa mu bwubatsi, 20.6% bikoreshwa mu nganda zipakira, naho 14.1% bikoreshwa mu nganda z'ibiti. Ibi bitatu bingana na birenga 50%. Ku nzego zigezweho nka za ndege, izo mu kirere, n'izikoresha ibikoresho bya semiconductor, hari ikoreshwa rike cyane mu gihugu. Ikoreshwa ry'ubukorikori bwo mu Bushinwa mu nganda ziciriritse kugeza ku rwego rwo hejuru rizarushaho kwiyongera muri "Gahunda ya 14 y'imyaka itanu". Dukurikije imibare, intego z'iterambere ry'ubukorikori bw'Ubushinwa mu gihe cya "Gahunda ya 14 y'imyaka itanu" ni igipimo cy'izamuka ry'umwaka cya 4.2% ku musaruro n'igipimo cy'izamuka ry'umwaka cya 4.3% ku bicuruzwa. Ikoreshwa mu nganda ziciriritse kugeza ku rwego rwo hejuru ryitezwe kugera kuri 40%.

Amwe mu masosiyete yo mu gihugu akoresha kole yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yazamutse ku isoko ryo hagati kugeza ku rwego rwo hejuru binyuze mu ishoramari rihoraho mu bushakashatsi no mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, ahangana cyane n'amasosiyete aterwa inkunga n'amahanga ndetse anagera ku gusimbuza bimwe mu bicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Urugero, Huitian New Materials, Silicon Technology, n'ibindi byahindutse ibihangano bikomeye ku isoko nko gusimbuza ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bito n'ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Igihe kiri hagati y'ibicuruzwa bishya byatangijwe n'amasosiyete yo mu gihugu n'ayo mu mahanga kiri kugenda kigabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi icyerekezo cyo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga kiragaragara. Mu gihe kizaza, kole zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zizakorwa mu gihugu. Igipimo cyo guhindura ibicuruzwa kizakomeza kwiyongera.

Mu gihe kizaza, bitewe n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’isi ndetse n’ubwiyongere bw’ubukene bw’ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu nzego zitandukanye, isoko ry’ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu buryo bwa “kode” rizakomeza kwiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, ibintu nk’uburyo bwo kurengera ibidukikije, guhindura imiterere y’ibintu, ubwenge n’ubuvuzi bw’ibinyabuzima bizayobora icyerekezo cy’iterambere ry’inganda mu gihe kizaza. Ibigo bigomba kwita cyane ku miterere y’isoko n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, no gushimangira ishoramari mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere n’udushya mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo bihuze n’ibikenewe ku isoko kandi binoze ipiganwa.

Umukozi utegereje

Imibare igaragaza ko igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’umusaruro w’ubukorikori mu Bushinwa kizaba kirenga 4.2% naho igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’ibicuruzwa kizaba kirenga 4.3% kuva mu 2020 kugeza 2025. Mu 2025, umusaruro w’ubukorikori uziyongera ukagera kuri toni miliyoni 13.5.

Mu gihe cya gahunda y’imyaka itanu ya 14, amasoko mashya y’inganda zikora kole na kole zirimo cyane cyane imodoka, ingufu nshya, gari ya moshi yihuta cyane, ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi, gupakira ibidukikije, ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi, siporo n’imyidagaduro, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, ubwubatsi bwa 5G, indege, indege, amato, n’ibindi.
Muri rusange, icyifuzo cy'ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru kiziyongera cyane, kandi ibicuruzwa bifite akamaro bizaba ari ibintu bishya bikundwa cyane ku isoko.

Muri iki gihe, uko ibisabwa muri politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije bigenda birushaho gukomera, ni ko kugabanya ingano ya VOC mu makoma bizarushaho kuba byihutirwa, kandi iterambere ry'inganda no kurengera ibidukikije bigomba guhuzwa. Kubwibyo, ni ingenzi cyane gukora impinduka zitandukanye (nk'impinduka mu mikorere ya graphene, impinduka mu bikoresho bya nano-mineral, no impinduka mu bikoresho bya biomass) kugira ngo hatezwe imbere iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa bya kole bizigama ingufu kandi birengera ibidukikije.