1.Li-anti-hydrolysis agentsSepheo sa mantlha ke ho thibela ts'ebetso ea hydrolysis ea li-polymer tsa polyester.

Litšebelisong tse sebelisang li-polymer tse nang le libonto tsa ester, tse kang PBT, PET, PLA, le polyurethanes (TPU, CPU), limolek'hule tsa metsi li hlasela habonolo libonto tsa ester kapa urethane ka har'a ketane ea limolek'hule tlas'a maemo a mocheso o phahameng le mongobo. Sena se lebisa ho robeheng ha ketane le hydrolysis, ho fokotseha ha boima ba limolek'hule tsa polymer, 'me ka lebaka leo, ho robeha, ho petsoha le tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso. Li-anti-hydrolysis li sebelisoa ho loantša ts'ebetso ena ea hydrolysis. Li-anti-hydrolysis li arotsoe haholo ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: e arabelang le ea 'mele. Li-anti-hydrolysis tse arabelang li felisa libaka tsa ho qala kapa lihlahisoa tsa hydrolysis ka liketso tsa lik'hemik'hale, tse emelang mokhoa o tloaelehileng le o sebetsang hantle haholo. Li-anti-hydrolysis tsa 'mele, ka lehlakoreng le leng, li thibela kapa li monya mongobo ka ketso ea 'mele.

Dithibela-hydrolysis tsa 'mele ha di kenelle diphetohong tsa dikhemikhale empa di thibela ho kenella ha mongobo ka mekgwa ya mmele. Mefuta e emelang e kenyelletsa di-zeolite, calcium oxide (CaO), diatomaceous earth, silane, le waxes. Di-zeolite le calcium oxide, ka sebopeho sa tsona se nang le masoba kapa diphetohong tsa dikhemikhale, di monya le ho notlela mongobo o monngwang ke polymer nakong ya tshebetso le tshebediso, haholoholo di sireletsa thepa ho senyeha ka lebaka la bongata ba mongobo pele e sebetswa (jwalo ka ho enta ka ente le extrusion), ha e le hantle di sebetsa e le thepa ya "desiccant". Ka lehlakoreng le leng, di-silane le waxes di fallela hodima sehlahiswa, di etsa mokoallo o sa rateng metsi, kapa di atolosa tsela ya ho kenella ha mongobo ka di-filler tse nang le dikarolo tse ngata (jwalo ka letsopa), haholoholo di sireletsa bokahodimo ba thepa.

Lithibela-hydrolysis tse arabelang li ka arabela le lihlopha tsa carboxyl (-COOH) lipheletsong tsa liketane tsa polymer kapa ka lihlopha tsa carboxyl tse hlahisoang nakong ea hydrolysis, li sitisa ts'ebetso ea autocatalytic ea hydrolysis 'me kahoo li fihlella phello ea motheo ea botsitso. Tsena haholo-holo li kenyelletsa lithibela-hydrolysis tsa carbodiimide, oxazoline, epoxy, le aziridine.

2. Carbodiimide ke sethibela-mafu se sebetsang hantle le se sebelisoang haholo sa hydrolysis.

Hona jwale di-carbodiimide ke sehlopha se sebediswang haholo le se sebetsang sa di-anti-hydrolysis agents. Di arabela le dihlopha tsa carboxyl tse hlahiswang ke polymer hydrolysis ho theha N-acylurea e tsitsitseng, ka hona di fedisa catalyst bakeng sa karabelo ya hydrolysis mme di sitisa potoloho ya autocatalytic. Di-derivatives tsa Oxazoline, sehlopha se seng sa bohlokwa sa di-anti-hydrolysis agents tse arabelang, di na le lesale la oxazoline e le sehlopha sa tsona se sebetsang sa karabelo. Lesale la oxazoline le ka arabela le dihlopha tsa carboxyl le hydroxyl ho theha ester amides kapa diesters, ka hona di tsitsisa dipheletso tsa polymer. Di-polymers tse sebetsang ka epoxy di sebedisa reactivity e phahameng ya dihlopha tsa epoxy ho fana ka botsitso. Dihlopha tsa epoxy di ka arabela le dihlopha tsa carboxyl, hydroxyl, esita le tsa amino, ka hona di kwala dihlopha tsena tse arabelang.

Tafole: Papiso ea Li-Resistant Hydrolysis tse Tloaelehileng

Mefuta ea li-anti-hydrolysis agents	carbodiimide	Li-polymer tsa sehlopha se sebetsang sa epoxy	Li-oxazolinide
Mokhoa oa Motheo	E arabela le lihlopha tsa carboxyl tse hlahisoang ke hydrolysis ho hlahisa N-acylurea e tsitsitseng, ka hona e sitisa potoloho ea autocatalytic.	Sehlopha sa eona sa epoxy se ka arabela ka lihlopha tse fapaneng tse kang carboxyl, hydroxyl, le li-amino.	Lesale la eona la oxazoline le ka arabela le lihlopha tsa carboxyl le hydroxyl.
Melemo e meholo	●Khanyetso e phahameng haholo khahlanong le hydrolysis, e nang le phello e kholo ka ho fetisisa.	●Mesebetsi e mengata: E kopanya mesebetsi ea katoloso ea ketane le ho lokisa limolek'hule tse senyehileng.	● Karabelo ea mesebetsi e 'meli, ka mefuta e mengata ea lits'ebetso
	Palo e ekelitsoeng e nyane (0.5%-2.0%), ka tshusumetso e nyane hodima thepa ya ka hare.	● E ka ntlafatsa matla a ho qhibiliha le ho teteana ha 'mele	● E ka sebelisoa e le sesebelisoa se tsamaisanang le lisebelisoa tse itseng.
	● Polokeho e ntle haholo	● Ho lumellana hantle le li-polymer
Mathata a maholo	● Litšenyehelo tse phahameng haholo	●Jwalo ka moemedi a le mong wa ho thibela hydrolysis, bokgoni ba yona ha bo totobale jwalo ka ba carbodiimide.	● Litšenyehelo hangata ke tsona tse turang haholo
	● Haholo-holo e shebane le lihlopha tsa carboxyl; ha e arabele ka ho toba le lihlopha tsa hydroxyl.	● Ho eketsa ho feteletseng ho ka lebisa ho hokelaneng kapa ho kopana ha dikotwana.	● Ha e na monyetla oa ho sebetsa hantle lits'ebetsong tse akaretsang
Likopo tse tloaelehileng	● Polyester: PBT, PET, PLA, PBAT	● Ho sebelisa polasetiki hape: Ho lokisa rPET, jj.	● Polyester (PET, PBT)
	● Polyurethane: TPU, CPU (lithapo tsa lieta, liphaephe, jj.)	● Polyamide (Nylon)	●Polyamide
		● Mekhoa ea polyester e hlokang ho teteka ka nako e le 'ngoe	● Motsoako oa polymer (e le sesebelisoa se lumellanang)

 

3. Carbodiimide e thibela ts'ebetso ea hydrolysis ka ho arabela le li-carboxylic acid ho theha meaho ea acylurea.

Li-polymer tsa polyester li bontša botsitso bo fokolang ba mongobo. Tlas'a maemo a mocheso o phahameng le mongobo, litlamo tsa ester ka har'a polymer li arabela le metsi, e leng se etsang hore sebopeho sa ketane e telele ea macromolecule se robehe 'me se hlahise lihlopha tsa carboxyl tsa terminal. Lihlopha tsena tsa carboxyl tsa terminal li ka etsa ioni ea H+ ioni, li eketsa karabelo ea hydrolysis ka asiti, qetellong li lebisa phokotsong e kholo ea thepa e fapaneng ea thepa le bophelo ba ts'ebeletso bo khutsufalitsoeng haholo. Metsoako ea carbodiimide, e nang le lihlopha tse sebetsang tsa carbodiimide (N=C=N), e ka arabela le lihlopha tsa carboxyl tse hlahisoang nakong ea hydrolysis ea polymer ho theha meaho e tsitsitseng ea acylurea, ka nako e le 'ngoe e fokotsa khatello ea sehlopha sa carboxyl le ho thibela hydrolysis e eketsehileng. Ke tse ling tsa li-anti-hydrolysis tse sebelisoang haholo tse fumanehang hajoale.

Di-antihydrolysis tsa Carbodiimide di fapane mme di ka arolwa ka bophara ka mefuta ya monomeric le polymeric. Metswako ya monomeric carbodiimide e na le sehlopha se le seng feela sa tshebetso sa carbodiimide mme ke metswako e menyenyane ya dimolek'hule. Metswako ya polymeric carbodiimide hangata e na le dihlopha tse pedi kapa ho feta tsa tshebetso ya carbodiimide, di na le boima bo phahameng ba dimolek'hule, mme di wela mofuteng wa sebopeho sa polymer sa ketane e telele.

Carbodiimide e le 'ngoemetsoako ea antihydrolysiske maro a mosehla o khanyang ho isa ho a sootho kapa likristale mochesong oa kamore. Li qhibiliha ka har'a metsoako ea lintho tse phelang empa ha li qhibilihe ka metsing, 'me li na le melemo e kang bohloeki bo phahameng, ho lokisoa habonolo, le ho sebetsa hantle haholo. 2,6-Diisopropylphenyl)carbodiimide ke moemeli oa antihydrolysis oa monomeric carbodiimide o sebelisoang haholo khoebong.

 

Li-carbodiimide tsa polymeric ke phofo e mosehla ho isa ho e sootho kapa metsi a viscous mochesong oa kamore, ka boima ba limolek'hule bo fetang 1000, ha boima ba limolek'hule tsa oligomers bo laoloa hoo e ka bang ka 2000. Li-carbodiimide tsa polymeric hangata li fumanoa ka ho sebetsana le li-monomer tsa diisocyanate, li-catalyst, li-solvents, le li-end-capping agents mochesong o loketseng. Taba ea pele, li-monomer tsa diisocyanate li feta karabelong ea condensation tlas'a catalyst ho fumana prepolymer e nang le lihlopha tse ngata tsa carbodiimide le lihlopha tsa isocyanate end. Ebe, lihlopha tsa isocyanate li arabela ka hydrogen e sebetsang ho tsoa ho moemeli oa ho koala qetellong ho fumana li-polycarbodiimide. Li-polycarbodiimide tse tloaelehileng li fumanoa ka ho koala 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl-1,5-diisocyanate le ho koala qetellong ka 2,6-diisopropylphenyl monoisocyanate.

 

4. Libaka tse tloaelehileng tsa ts'ebeliso ea carbodiimide

PET, e le thepa e tloaelehileng haholo ea polyester, e na le thepa e ntle ea mechini, botsitso ba litekanyo, ho hanyetsa lik'hemik'hale le thepa ea optical, 'me e sebelisoa haholo masimong a temo, indastering, kahong, bongaka le likoloi. PET e hlahisoa ka polycondensation ea PTA le ethylene glycol; litlamo tsa ester li kotsing e kholo ea ho senyeha ha hydrolytic, e leng se lebisang ho fokotseha ha viscosity ea polymer le ho senyeha ho matla ha ts'ebetso. Hydrolysis ea PET e fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea lihlahisoa tsa eona tse ka tlase libakeng tse nang le mocheso o phahameng, mongobo, kapa kantle. Lipatlisiso tse amanang le tsona li fumane hore ho kenyelletsa li-anti-hydrolysis tsa monomeric ho PET masterbatch ho lokisa lisampole tsa filimi ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mocheso, ho tsofala ha mocheso o mongobo le ho hola ha lihlahisoa tsa filimi. Carbodiimide e nkhang hamonate e bontša ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ea hydrolysis.

Ho kopanngoa ha polyurethane ho sebelisa mefuta e mengata ea li-monomer, ho lumella liketso tse laoloang, 'me ho fana ka melemo e kang matla a phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho khohlela, ho hanyetsa mocheso hantle, le bonolo ba ho sebetsa. E sebelisoa haholo ho likhomaretsi, liphahlo, li-elastomer, polasetiki e nang le foam le likhoele tsa maiketsetso. Polyurethane ea mofuta oa polyester e lokisitsoe ka li-polyester polyol tsa oligomeric, tse nang le libonto tse ngata tsa ester liketaneng tsa tsona tsa limolek'hule, e leng se fellang ka ho hanyetsa ho fokola ha hydrolysis. Li-anti-hydrolysis tsa Carbodiimide li na le litlamorao tse nyane tse mpe ho kopanngoa ha polyurethane 'me li ka eketsoa ho polyester polyol nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya. Ho feta moo, li-carbodiimide tsa polymeric tse lokisitsoeng ke isocyanate condensation li na le lihlopha tsa qetello tsa -N=C=O, tse li nolofalletsang ho nka karolo karabelong ho lokisa polyurethane e hanyetsanang le hydrolysis. Ho feta moo, li-carbodiimide li ka eketsoa nakong ea ho kopanya polyurethane. Lithuto tse amanang le tsona li bontšitse hore ho eketsoa ha li-carbodiimide ho ka theola boleng ba pele ba acid ea polyester polyol, ha thibela hydrolysis ea polyester, 'me ha ntlafatsa ka katleho ho hanyetsa hydrolysis ea TPU.

Li-polymer tse bolang tse thehiloeng ho polyester tse kang PBAT, PLA, le polyglycolic acid (PGA) li na le ho lumellana ho hotle ha bioleague, ho bola ha bioleague, polokeho, ho se be chefo, le thepa e ntle ea 'mele le ea mechini, li bontša tšepiso e kholo lisebelisoa tsa bongaka, thepa ea ho paka le temo. Leha ho le joalo, lisebelisoa tsena tse bolang kaofela li na le bothata ba ho ba le botsitso bo bobe ba hydrolytic le mocheso, bo senyeha habonolo nakong ea ts'ebetso, polokelo le ts'ebeliso, e leng se lebisang ho senyeha ha ts'ebetso le ho hloleha ho fihlela nako ea tsona ea bophelo e lebelletsoeng. Carbodiimide e ka feta karabelong ea ho koahela le lihlopha tsa carboxyl tsa terminal liketane tsa limolek'hule tsa PBAT, PLA, le PGA ho hlahisa sebopeho se tsitsitseng sa acylurea, ka nako e le 'ngoe se thibela hydrolysis le ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba mocheso.

MDI e fetotsoeng ka carbodiimide (e tsejoang hape e le MDI e nang le metsi) ke e 'ngoe ea lihlahisoa tse ka sehloohong tse fetotsoeng tsa diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). E hlahisoa ke karabelo ea condensation ea MDI tlas'a ts'ebetso ea catalyst ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa carbodiimide. MDI e fetotsoeng ka carbodiimide e khetholloa ka ho ba metsi mochesong oa kamore, ho bonolo ho e boloka, le ho ba le nako e telele ea ho boloka. Ka nako e ts'oanang, e ka ntlafatsa haholo khanyetso ea hydrolysis ea thepa ea polyurethane.

Haeba o batla ho tseba haholoanyane ka dihlahiswa tse thibelang hydrolysis, ikutloe u lokolohile hoiteanye le rona.