Soo bandhigida nuugista UV

Iftiinka qorraxdu wuxuu ka kooban yahay iftiin badan oo ultraviolet ah oo waxyeello u leh walxaha midabka leh. Mowjaddiisu waa qiyaastii 290~460nm. Falaadhahan ultraviolet ee waxyeellada leh waxay sababaan in molecules-ka midabka ay qudhmaan oo ay libdhaan iyada oo loo marayo falgallada kiimikada ee yaraynta oksaydhka. Isticmaalka nuugayaasha ultraviolet-ka waxay si wax ku ool ah uga hortagi karaan ama u wiiqi karaan dhaawaca fallaaraha ultraviolet-ka ee walxaha la ilaaliyo.

Qalabka nuuga UV waa qalab xasiliya iftiinka kaas oo nuugi kara qaybta ultraviolet ee iftiinka qorraxda iyo ilaha iftiinka fluorescent-ka iyada oo aan is beddelin. Bacaha iyo walxaha kale ee polymer-ka waxay soo saaraan falgallo is-oksaydh ah oo hoos yimaada iftiinka qorraxda iyo iftiinka sababtoo ah ficilka fallaaraha ultraviolet, taas oo horseedaysa burburka iyo xumaanshaha polymer-ka, iyo hoos u dhaca muuqaalka iyo sifooyinka farsamada. Ka dib marka lagu daro nuugayaasha UV, iftiinkan ultraviolet-ka ee tamarta sare leh ayaa si gaar ah loo nuugi karaa, isagoo u rogaya tamar aan waxyeello lahayn oo la sii daayo ama la isticmaalo. Sababtoo ah noocyada kala duwan ee polymer-ka, hirarka hirarka ultraviolet-ka ee sababa inay xumaadaan sidoo kale way kala duwan yihiin. nuugayaasha UV-ga ee kala duwan waxay nuugi karaan fallaaraha ultraviolet-ka ee hirarka kala duwan. Marka la isticmaalayo, nuugayaasha UV-ga waa in loo doortaa iyadoo loo eegayo nooca polymer-ka.

Noocyada nuugayaasha UV

Noocyada caadiga ah ee nuugayaasha UV waxaa ka mid ah: benzotriazole (sidaNuugaha UV-ga 327), benzophenone (sidaNuugayaasha UV 531), triazine (sidaNuugayaasha UV 1164), iyo amine-ka la joojiyay (sidaXasiliye Nalalka 622).

Nuugayaasha UV-ga ee Benzotriazole hadda waa noocyada ugu badan ee loo isticmaalo Shiinaha, laakiin saameynta isticmaalka ee nuugayaasha UV-ga ee triazine ayaa si weyn uga wanaagsan kan benzotriazole. Nuugayaasha Triazine waxay leeyihiin sifooyin nuugis UV oo aad u fiican iyo faa'iidooyin kale. Waxaa si ballaaran loogu isticmaali karaa polymers-ka, waxay leeyihiin xasillooni kuleyl oo aad u fiican, xasillooni habayn wanaagsan, iyo iska caabin aashito. Codsiyada wax ku oolka ah, nuugayaasha UV-ga ee triazine waxay leeyihiin saameyn isku-dhafan oo wanaagsan oo leh xasiliyeyaasha iftiinka amine ee caqabadda leh. Marka labada la wada isticmaalo, waxay leeyihiin saameyn ka wanaagsan marka loo eego marka keligood la isticmaalo.

Dhawr ka mid ah kuwa si caadi ah loo arko ee nuuga UV

(1)UV-531
Budada crystalline-ka ee jaalaha ah ama caddaanka ah. Cufnaanta 1.160g/cm³ (25℃). Barta dhalaalka 48~49℃. Waxaa ku milma acetone, benzene, ethanol, isopropanol, oo si yar ugu milma dichloroethane, oo aan ku milmi karin biyaha. Milma qaar ka mid ah dareerayaasha (g/100g, 25℃) waa acetone 74, benzene 72, methanol 2, ethanol (95%) 2.6, n-heptane 40, n-hexane 40.1, biyo 0.5. Sida nuugista UV, waxay si xoog leh u nuugi kartaa iftiinka ultraviolet-ka iyadoo leh mowjad dhan 270~330nm. Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa balaastikada kala duwan, gaar ahaan polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, resin ABS, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride. Waxay leedahay iswaafajin wanaagsan oo leh resins iyo isbeddel yar. Qiyaasta guud waa 0.1%~1%. Waxay leedahay saameyn isku-dhafan oo wanaagsan marka la isticmaalo tiro yar oo ah 4,4-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-p-cresol). Badeecadan waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa sidii xasiliye iftiin ah oo loogu talagalay dahaarka kala duwan.

(2)UV-327
Sida nuugista UV, astaamaheeda iyo isticmaalkeedu waxay la mid yihiin kuwa benzotriazole UV-326. Waxay si xooggan u nuugi kartaa fallaaraha ultraviolet-ka oo leh mowjad dhan 270~380nm, waxay leedahay xasillooni kiimiko oo wanaagsan iyo isbeddel aad u hooseeya. Waxay leedahay iswaafajin wanaagsan oo leh polyolefins. Waxay si gaar ah ugu habboon tahay polyethylene iyo polypropylene. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyurethane, polyester aan buuxin, resin ABS, resin epoxy, resin cellulose, iwm. Badeecadani waxay leedahay iska caabin aad u fiican oo ku saabsan sublimation kulaylka, iska caabinta dhaqidda, iska caabinta gaaska oo libdha iyo haynta hantida farsamada. Waxay leedahay saameyn isku-dhafan oo muhiim ah marka la isticmaalo iyadoo lala kaashanayo antioxidants. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu hagaajiyo xasilloonida oksaydhka kulaylka ee badeecada.

(3)UV-9
Budada crystalline-ka ee jaalaha ah ama caddaanka ah. Cufnaanta 1.324g/cm³. Barta dhalaalaysa 62~66℃. Barta karkaraya 150~160℃ (0.67kPa), 220℃ (2.4kPa). Ku milma inta badan dareerayaasha dabiiciga ah sida acetone, ketone, benzene, methanol, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, laakiin aan ku milmi karin biyaha. Milmida qaar ka mid ah dareerayaasha (g/100g, 25℃) waa benzene 56.2, n-hexane 4.3, ethanol (95%) 5.8, kaarboon tetrachloride 34.5, styrene 51.2, DOP 18.7. Iyada oo ah nuuge UV ah, waxay ku habboon tahay noocyo kala duwan oo balaastig ah sida polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyester aan dheregsanayn, resin ABS, resin cellulose, iwm. Heerka ugu badan ee hirarka nuugista waa 280~340nm, qiyaasta guudna waa 0.1%~1.5%. Waxay leedahay xasillooni kuleyl oo wanaagsan mana burburto 200℃. Badeecadani si dhib yar ayay u nuugtaa iftiinka muuqda, sidaa darteed waxay ku habboon tahay alaabada hufan ee midabka khafiifka ah leh. Badeecadani waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa rinjiyada iyo caagga macmal ah.