In tsab xov xwm kawg, peb tau qhia txog kev tshwm sim ntawm cov dispersants, qee cov txheej txheem thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm dispersants. Hauv nqe lus no, peb yuav tshawb nrhiav cov hom dispersants hauv ntau lub sijhawm sib txawv nrog keeb kwm kev loj hlob ntawm dispersants.

Tus neeg sawv cev ntub thiab faib cov khoom siv molecular qis
Tus tshuaj dispersant thaum ub tshaj plaws yog triethanolamine ntsev ntawm fatty acid, uas tau tso tawm hauv khw li 100 xyoo dhau los. Tus tshuaj dispersant no ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab pheej yig heev rau kev siv xim rau kev lag luam. Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim sua kom siv nws, thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo thaum pib hauv cov roj alkyd nruab nrab tsis yog qhov phem.

Xyoo 1940 txog 1970, cov xim siv hauv kev lag luam pleev xim yog cov xim inorganic thiab qee cov xim organic uas yooj yim tawg. Cov tshuaj dispersants thaum lub sijhawm no yog cov tshuaj zoo ib yam li surfactants, nrog rau ib pawg xim anchoring ntawm ib kawg thiab ib ntu sib xws resin ntawm lwm kawg. Feem ntau cov molecule muaj tsuas yog ib qho chaw anchoring xim.

Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov qauv, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg:

(1) cov roj fatty acid derivatives, suav nrog cov roj fatty acid amides, cov roj fatty acid amide ntsev, thiab cov roj fatty acid polyethers. Piv txwv li, cov roj fatty acids hloov kho nrog cov blocks tsim los ntawm BYK hauv xyoo 1920-1930, uas tau ntsev nrog cov amines ntev-saw kom tau Anti-Terra U. Kuj tseem muaj BYK's P104 / 104S nrog cov pab pawg ua haujlwm siab raws li DA ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. BESM® 9116 los ntawm Shierli yog cov tshuaj dispersant deflocculating thiab cov tshuaj dispersant txheem hauv kev lag luam putty. Nws muaj qhov zoo wettability, cov khoom tiv thaiv kev teeb tsa thiab kev ruaj khov cia. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom tiv thaiv corrosion thiab siv dav hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion. BESM® 9104/9104S kuj tseem yog cov tshuaj dispersant tswj hwm nrog ntau pawg anchoring. Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv network thaum dispersed, uas yog qhov pab tau zoo heev hauv kev tswj cov xim sedimentation thiab cov xim ntab. Txij li thaum cov khoom siv roj fatty acid derivative dispersant raw tsis nyob ntawm cov khoom siv roj av raw, lawv rov ua dua tshiab.

(2) Cov polymers organic phosphoric acid ester. Hom dispersant no muaj peev xwm anchoring thoob ntiaj teb rau cov inorganic pigments. Piv txwv li, BYK 110/180/111 thiab BESM® 9110/9108/9101 los ntawm Shierli yog cov dispersants zoo heev rau kev dispersing titanium dioxide thiab inorganic pigments, nrog rau kev txo viscosity zoo heev, kev txhim kho xim thiab kev ua haujlwm khaws cia. Tsis tas li ntawd, BYK 103 thiab BESM® 9103 los ntawm Shierli ob qho tib si qhia txog kev txo viscosity zoo heev thiab kev ruaj khov khaws cia thaum dispersing matte slurries.

(3) Cov polyethers aliphatic uas tsis yog ionic thiab alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers. Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm hom dispersant no feem ntau tsawg dua 2000 g / mol, thiab nws tsom mus rau qhov kev tawg ntawm cov xim inorganic thiab cov khoom sau. Lawv tuaj yeem pab ntub cov xim thaum lub sijhawm sib tsoo, nqus tau zoo rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov xim inorganic thiab tiv thaiv kev faib ua pawg thiab nag ntawm cov xim, thiab tuaj yeem tswj cov flocculation thiab tiv thaiv cov xim ntab. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog qhov hnyav molecular me me, lawv tsis tuaj yeem muab kev cuam tshuam steric zoo, thiab lawv tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ci thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xim pleev xim. Cov pab pawg ionic anchoring tsis tuaj yeem nqus tau rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov xim organic.

Cov tshuaj dispersant hnyav molecular siab
Xyoo 1970, cov xim organic pib siv ntau heev. ICI cov xim phthalocyanine, DuPont cov xim quinacridone, CIBA cov xim azo condensation, Clariant cov xim benzimidazolone, thiab lwm yam tau raug tsim kho thiab nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam hauv xyoo 1970. Cov neeg sawv cev ntub thiab tawg uas muaj qhov hnyav molecular qis thawj zaug tsis tuaj yeem ua kom cov xim no ruaj khov, thiab cov tshuaj dispersants hnyav molecular tshiab tau pib tsim.

Hom dispersant no muaj qhov hnyav molecular ntawm 5000-25000 g / mol, nrog rau ntau pawg pigment anchoring ntawm lub molecule. Lub polymer tseem ceeb saw hlau muab kev sib raug zoo dav, thiab cov saw hlau solvated muab steric hindrance, yog li cov pigment me me nyob rau hauv lub xeev deflocculated thiab ruaj khov. Cov dispersants hnyav molecular siab tuaj yeem ruaj khov ntau yam pigments thiab daws tau tag nrho cov teeb meem xws li floating xim thiab floating, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov organic pigments thiab carbon dub nrog me me particle loj thiab yooj yim flocculation. Cov dispersants hnyav molecular siab yog txhua tus deflocculating dispersants nrog ntau pawg pigment anchoring ntawm lub molecular saw hlau, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov viscosity ntawm cov xim nplaum, txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov xim tinting, xim gloss thiab vividness, thiab txhim kho qhov transparency ntawm cov pigments pob tshab. Hauv cov dej-raws li systems, cov dispersants hnyav molecular siab muaj kev tiv thaiv dej zoo heev thiab saponification tsis kam. Tau kawg, cov dispersants hnyav molecular siab kuj tseem yuav muaj qee qhov kev phiv, uas feem ntau yog los ntawm tus nqi amine ntawm dispersant. Tus nqi amine siab yuav ua rau viscosity ntawm epoxy systems thaum lub sijhawm khaws cia; txo lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm ob-component polyurethanes (siv aromatic isocyanates); txo qhov reactivity ntawm acid-curing systems; thiab qaug zog catalytic effect ntawm cobalt catalysts hauv air-drying alkyds.

Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg, hom dispersant no feem ntau muab faib ua peb pawg:

(1) Cov tshuaj polyurethane dispersants uas muaj molecular hnyav heev, uas yog cov tshuaj polyurethane dispersants ib txwm muaj. Piv txwv li, BYK 160/161/163/164, BESM® 9160/9161/9163/9164, EFKA 4060/4061/4063, thiab tiam tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj polyurethane dispersants BYK 2155 thiab BESM® 9248. Hom tshuaj dispersant no tau tshwm sim thaum ntxov thiab muaj cov neeg tuaj saib dav. Nws muaj cov khoom zoo rau kev txo viscosity thiab kev txhim kho xim rau cov organic pigments thiab carbon dub, thiab ib zaug dhau los ua tus qauv dispersant rau cov organic pigments. Tiam tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj polyurethane dispersants tau txhim kho ob qho tib si viscosity txo thiab kev txhim kho xim. BYK 170 thiab BESM® 9107 yog qhov tsim nyog dua rau cov kab ke acid-catalyzed. Cov tshuaj dispersant tsis muaj tus nqi amine, uas txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib sau ua ke thaum lub sijhawm khaws cia xim thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ziab ntawm cov xim.

(2) Cov tshuaj yaj polyacrylate. Cov tshuaj yaj no, xws li BYK 190 thiab BESM® 9003, tau dhau los ua cov tshuaj yaj thoob ntiaj teb rau cov txheej txheem dej.

(3) Cov tshuaj dispersants polymer hyperbranched. Cov tshuaj dispersants hyperbranched uas siv ntau tshaj plaws yog Lubrizol 24000 thiab BESM® 9240, uas yog amides + imides raws li cov polyesters ntev. Ob yam khoom no yog cov khoom patented uas feem ntau vam khom polyester backbone los tswj cov xim. Lawv lub peev xwm los tswj cov pa roj carbon dub tseem zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, polyester yuav crystallize ntawm qhov kub qis thiab tseem yuav precipitate hauv cov xim tiav. Qhov teeb meem no txhais tau tias 24000 tsuas yog siv tau rau hauv cov kua mem. Tom qab tag nrho, nws tuaj yeem qhia kev txhim kho xim zoo heev thiab kev ruaj khov thaum siv los disperse carbon dub hauv kev lag luam kua mem. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm crystallization, Lubrizol 32500 thiab BESM® 9245 tau tshwm sim ib qho tom qab ib qho. Piv nrog rau thawj ob pawg, cov tshuaj dispersants polymer hyperbranched muaj cov qauv molecular spherical thiab cov pab pawg pigment affinity siab, feem ntau nrog kev txhim kho xim zoo heev thiab kev ua tau zoo dua viscosity txo qis. Qhov sib xws ntawm cov polyurethane dispersants tuaj yeem hloov kho tau ntau yam, feem ntau yog npog txhua yam alkyd resins los ntawm roj ntev mus rau roj luv, txhua yam polyester resins saturated, thiab hydroxyl acrylic resins, thiab tuaj yeem ruaj khov feem ntau cov carbon dub thiab cov organic pigments ntawm ntau yam qauv. Vim tias tseem muaj ntau qib sib txawv ntawm 6000-15000 molecular hnyav, cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas qhov sib xws thiab qhov ntau ntxiv.

Cov tshuaj dispersants polymerization uas tswj tau dawb radical
Tom qab xyoo 1990, qhov kev thov ua lag luam rau cov xim dispersion tau zoo dua thiab muaj kev tshawb pom tshiab hauv kev siv tshuab polymer synthesis, thiab tiam tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj dispersants tswj tau dawb radical polymerization tau tsim.

Kev tswj tau cov dawb radical polymerization (CFRP) muaj ib qho qauv tsim tshwj xeeb, nrog rau ib pawg anchoring ntawm ib kawg ntawm cov polymer thiab ib ntu solvated ntawm lwm kawg. CFRP siv cov monomers zoo ib yam li cov polymerization ib txwm muaj, tab sis vim tias cov monomers tau teeb tsa ntau dua ntawm cov ntu molecular thiab qhov hnyav molecular faib yog sib xws ntau dua, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov polymer dispersant synthesized muaj qhov dhia zoo. Pawg anchoring zoo no txhim kho qhov muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv flocculation ntawm cov dispersant thiab kev txhim kho xim ntawm cov xim. Cov ntu solvated meej muab cov dispersant qhov viscosity qis dua ntawm kev sib tsoo xim nplaum thiab kev ntxiv cov xim siab, thiab cov dispersant muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau yam khoom siv resin puag.

Kev tsim cov tshuaj dispersants niaj hnub no muaj keeb kwm tsawg dua 100 xyoo. Muaj ntau hom dispersants rau ntau yam pigments thiab systems hauv kev ua lag luam. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv dispersant tseem yog cov khoom siv raw petrochemical. Kev nce qhov feem pua ​​ntawm cov khoom siv raw rov ua dua tshiab hauv dispersants yog ib qho kev taw qhia zoo heev. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev tsim cov dispersants, dispersants tau dhau los ua qhov ua tau zoo dua. Txawm hais tias nws yog lub peev xwm txo viscosity lossis kev txhim kho xim thiab lwm yam peev xwm tau txhim kho tib lub sijhawm, cov txheej txheem no yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau yav tom ntej.

Nanjing Reborn Cov Khoom Siv Tshiab muabtus neeg sawv cev rau cov dej noo rau cov xim thiab cov txheej txheem, suav nrog qee qhov uas phim Disperbyk.