In tsab xov xwm kawg, peb tau qhia txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm dispersants, ib co mechanisms thiab functions ntawm dispersants. Nyob rau hauv nqe lus no, peb yuav tshawb txog hom dispersants nyob rau hauv txawv lub sij hawm nrog kev loj hlob keeb kwm ntawm dispersants.

Ib txwm tsis tshua muaj molecular hnyav wetting thiab dispersing tus neeg sawv cev
Qhov ntxov tshaj plaws dispersant yog triethanolamine ntsev ntawm fatty acid, uas tau launched nyob rau hauv lub lag luam txog 100 xyoo dhau los. Qhov no dispersant muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev lag luam hauv kev siv xim pleev xim. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom siv nws, thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo thawj zaug hauv nruab nrab roj alkyd system tsis yog qhov phem.

Nyob rau xyoo 1940 txog xyoo 1970, cov pigments siv hauv kev lag luam coatings yog inorganic pigments thiab qee cov organic pigments uas yooj yim rau disperse. Dispersants thaum lub sij hawm no yog cov khoom zoo ib yam li surfactants, nrog ib tug pigment anchoring pab pawg neeg ntawm ib kawg thiab ib tug resin tshaj ntu ntawm lwm kawg. Feem ntau cov molecules tsuas muaj ib qho pigment anchoring point.

Los ntawm cov qauv kev pom, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg:

(1) fatty acid derivatives, suav nrog fatty acid amides, fatty acid amide ntsev, thiab fatty acid polyethers. Piv txwv li, cov kev hloov pauv fatty acids nrog cov blocks tsim los ntawm BYK xyoo 1920-1930, uas tau salted nrog cov saw ntev amines kom tau txais Anti-Terra U. Kuj tseem muaj BYK's P104/104S nrog cov pab pawg ua haujlwm siab kawg raws li DA ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. BESM® 9116 los ntawm Shierli yog ib qho deflocculating dispersant thiab tus qauv dispersant hauv kev lag luam putty. Nws muaj zoo wettability, tiv thaiv kev daws teeb meem thiab cia ruaj khov. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom tiv thaiv corrosion thiab yog dav siv hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion. BESM® 9104/9104S kuj tseem yog ib qho kev tswj flocculation dispersant nrog ntau pawg anchoring. Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv hauv network thaum dispersed, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tswj cov xim sedimentation thiab ntab xim. Txij li thaum fatty acid derivative dispersant raw cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog nyob ntawm petrochemical raw cov ntaub ntawv, lawv yog txuas ntxiv mus.

(2) Organic phosphoric acid ester polymers. Hom dispersant no muaj peev xwm universal anchoring rau inorganic pigments. Piv txwv li, BYK 110/180/111 thiab BESM® 9110/9108/9101 los ntawm Shierli yog cov zoo heev dispersants rau dispersing titanium dioxide thiab inorganic pigments, nrog zoo viscosity txo, xim kev loj hlob thiab cia kev ua tau zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, BYK 103 thiab BESM® 9103 los ntawm Shierli ob leeg qhia tau zoo heev viscosity txo qhov zoo thiab cia ruaj khov thaum dispersing matte slurries.

(3) Tsis yog-ionic aliphatic polyethers thiab alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers. Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm hom dispersant no feem ntau tsawg dua 2000 g / mol, thiab nws tsom ntau dua rau kev tawg ntawm inorganic pigments thiab fillers. Lawv tuaj yeem pab ntub cov pigments thaum sib tsoo, zoo adsorb rau ntawm cov xim tsis muaj organic thiab tiv thaiv stratification thiab nag lossis daus ntawm pigments, thiab tuaj yeem tswj flocculation thiab tiv thaiv cov xim ntab. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov hnyav molecular me me, lawv tsis tuaj yeem muab kev cuam tshuam zoo steric, thiab lawv tuaj yeem txhim kho gloss thiab sib txawv ntawm cov xim zaj duab xis. Ionic anchoring pawg tsis tuaj yeem raug adsorbed rau saum npoo ntawm cov organic pigments.

High molecular hnyav dispersants
Xyoo 1970, organic pigments tau pib siv ntau ntau. ICI's phthalocyanine pigments, DuPont's quinacridone pigments, CIBA's azo condensation pigments, Clariant's benzimidazolone pigments, thiab lwm yam yog tag nrho cov industrialized thiab nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam hauv xyoo 1970s. Tus thawj uas tsis tshua muaj molecular hnyav wetting thiab dispersing agents yuav tsis stabilize cov pigments, thiab tshiab siab molecular hnyav dispersants pib tsim.

Hom dispersant no muaj qhov hnyav molecular ntawm 5000-25000 g / mol, nrog ntau cov pigment anchoring pawg ntawm cov molecule. Cov saw hlau tseem ceeb ntawm polymer muab kev sib raug zoo dav, thiab cov kev daws teeb meem sab nrauv muab steric hindrance, yog li cov xim pigment yog kiag li nyob rau hauv ib tug deflocculated thiab ruaj khov. High molecular hnyav dispersants muaj peev xwm stabilize ntau yam pigments thiab tag nrho daws teeb meem xws li floating xim thiab ntab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau organic pigments thiab carbon dub nrog me me particle loj thiab yooj yim flocculation. High molecular hnyav dispersants yog tag nrho cov deflocculating dispersants nrog ntau cov pigment anchoring pawg ntawm cov saw molecular, uas tuaj yeem txo cov viscosity ntawm cov xim muab tshuaj, txhim kho cov xim tinting zog, xim gloss thiab vividness, thiab txhim kho cov pob tshab pigments. Nyob rau hauv cov dej-raws li tshuab, siab molecular hnyav dispersants muaj dej tsis kam thiab saponification kuj. Tau kawg, siab molecular hnyav dispersants kuj yuav muaj qee yam kev phiv, uas feem ntau yog los ntawm tus nqi amine ntawm cov dispersant. High amine tus nqi yuav ua rau kom viscosity ntawm epoxy systems thaum lub sij hawm cia; txo lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus polyurethanes (siv cov tshuaj tsw qab isocyanates); txo reactivity ntawm acid-kho tshuab; thiab tsis muaj zog catalytic nyhuv ntawm cobalt catalysts nyob rau hauv huab cua-drying alkyds.

Los ntawm kev xav ntawm cov qauv tshuaj, hom dispersant no feem ntau muab faib ua peb pawg:

(1) Siab molecular hnyav polyurethane dispersants, uas yog ib txwm polyurethane dispersants. Piv txwv li, BYK 160/161/163/164, BESM® 9160/9161/9163/9164, EFKA 4060/4061/4063, thiab cov tiam tshiab ntawm polyurethane dispersants BYK 2155 thiab BESM® 9248 dispersant thaum ntxov. Nws muaj qhov zoo viscosity txo thiab xim tsim cov khoom rau cov organic pigments thiab carbon dub, thiab ib zaug dhau los ua tus qauv dispersant rau cov organic pigments. Cov tiam tshiab ntawm polyurethane dispersants tau txhim kho ob qho tib si viscosity txo thiab xim kev loj hlob. BYK 170 thiab BESM® 9107 yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov kua qaub-catalyzed systems. Cov dispersant tsis muaj nqi amine, uas txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm agglomeration thaum lub sij hawm cia xim thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau ziab ntawm cov xim.

(2) Polyacrylate dispersants. Cov dispersants no, xws li BYK 190 thiab BESM® 9003, tau dhau los ua tus txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb dispersants rau cov txheej txheem dej.

(3) Hyperbranched polymer dispersants. Feem ntau siv hyperbranched dispersants yog Lubrizol 24000 thiab BESM® 9240, uas yog amides + imides raws li cov saw ntev polyesters. Ob yam khoom no yog cov khoom lag luam patented uas feem ntau vam khom cov pob txha polyester kom ruaj khov pigments. Lawv lub peev xwm los tswj cov pa roj carbon dub tseem zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, polyester yuav crystallize ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab tseem yuav los nag hauv cov xim tiav. Qhov teeb meem no txhais tau tias 24000 tsuas yog siv tau rau hauv inks. Tom qab tag nrho, nws muaj peev xwm qhia tau zoo heev xim txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev ruaj ntseg thaum siv los disperse carbon dub nyob rau hauv tus number case kev lag luam. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm crystallization, Lubrizol 32500 thiab BESM® 9245 tshwm sim ib zaug. Piv nrog rau thawj ob pawg, hyperbranched polymer dispersants muaj ib tug spherical molecular qauv thiab muaj concentrated pigment affinity pawg, feem ntau nrog zoo heev xim kev loj hlob thiab muaj zog viscosity txo kev ua tau zoo. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm polyurethane dispersants tuaj yeem hloov kho ntau yam, feem ntau npog tag nrho cov alkyd resins los ntawm cov roj ntev mus rau cov roj luv luv, tag nrho cov saturated polyester resins, thiab hydroxyl acrylic resins, thiab tuaj yeem ruaj khov feem ntau cov xim dub thiab cov organic pigments ntawm ntau yam qauv. Txij li thaum tseem muaj ntau tus lej sib txawv ntawm 6000-15000 molecular hnyav, cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas qhov sib xyaw thiab cov nyiaj ntxiv.

Tswj tau dawb radical polymerization dispersants
Tom qab xyoo 1990, kev ua lag luam xav tau rau pigment dispersion tau txhim kho ntxiv thiab muaj kev sib tsoo hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob polymer, thiab cov tiam tshiab ntawm kev tswj cov dawb radical polymerization dispersants tau tsim.

Controllable dawb radical polymerization (CFRP) muaj ib tug precisely tsim qauv, nrog ib tug anchoring pab pawg neeg ntawm ib kawg ntawm lub polymer thiab ib tug solvated segment ntawm lwm kawg. CFRP siv cov monomers tib yam li cov pa polymerization, tab sis vim hais tias cov monomers tau teem ntau tsis tu ncua ntawm cov molecular ntu thiab molecular hnyav tis yog ntau uniform, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov synthesized polymer dispersant muaj ib tug zoo leap. Cov pab pawg no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev txhim kho qhov muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv flocculation ntawm cov dispersant thiab cov xim tsim ntawm cov xim. Qhov tseeb solvated ntu muab cov dispersant qis xim paste sib tsoo viscosity thiab cov xim ntxiv, thiab cov dispersant muaj qhov sib txuam nrog ntau yam khoom siv cob.

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem niaj hnub no muaj keeb kwm tsawg dua 100 xyoo. Muaj ntau ntau hom dispersants rau ntau yam pigments thiab tshuab ntawm lub khw. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm dispersant raw khoom yog tseem petrochemical raw khoom. Kev nce qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv dua tshiab hauv cov khoom dispersants yog ib txoj kev loj hlob zoo heev. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob ntawm dispersants, dispersants tau dhau los ua ntau dua. Txawm hais tias nws yog viscosity txo peev xwm lossis xim kev loj hlob thiab lwm yam kev muaj peev xwm txhim kho ib txhij, cov txheej txheem no yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau yav tom ntej.

Nanjing Reborn New Materials muabwetting dispersant tus neeg sawv cev rau xim thiab txheej, suav nrog qee qhov uas phim Disperbyk.