ʻAmonium polyphosphate, i kapa ʻia ʻoAPP, he phosphate i loaʻa ka naikokene me ke ʻano pauka keʻokeʻo. Wahi a kona kekelē o ka polymerization, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu ʻano: polymerization haʻahaʻa, polymerization waena a me ka polymerization kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kekelē o ka polymerization, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka solubility wai. ʻO ka crystalline ammonium polyphosphate he polyphosphate kaulahao lōʻihi a me ka wai-ʻole. ʻElima mau ʻano mai I a V.

Loaʻa i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka polymerization crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate nā pono koʻikoʻi ma ke kahua o nā mea polymer ma muli o kona insolubility wai maikaʻi, ka mahana decomposition kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hoʻohālikelike maikaʻi me nā mea polymer. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea pale ahi i loaʻa i ka halogen, loaʻa i ka crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate nā ʻano o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka uahi haʻahaʻa, a me ka inorganic. He ʻano hou ia o ka mea pale ahi inorganic kiʻekiʻe.

Mōʻaukala hoʻomohala noi
I ka makahiki 1857, ua aʻo mua ʻia ka ammonium polyphosphate.
I ka makahiki 1961, ua hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomomona nui.
I ka makahiki 1969, ua hoʻonui ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou i kāna noi i nā mea pale ahi.
I ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hana i ka ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant.
I ka makahiki 1972, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Iapana e hana i ka ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant.
I ka makahiki 1980, ua aʻo ʻo Kina i ka ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant.

Nā waihona noi
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Ammonium polyphosphate ma ke ʻano he mea lapaʻau lapalapa no nā plastics, rubber, a me nā fibers;
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomākaukau i nā uhi pale ahi intumescent no ka mālama ʻana i ke ahi o nā moku, nā kaʻaahi, nā kaula a me nā hale kiʻekiʻe, a me ka lāʻau a me ka pepa pale ahi.
Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ia e hana i nā mea kinai ahi pauka maloʻo no ke kinai ahi nui ʻana ma nā kahua lanahu, nā lua ʻaila a me nā ululāʻau;
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka mea hoʻoulu.

Mākeke honua
Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā mea pale lapalapa honua i ke ala o ka halogen-free, ua lilo nā mea pale lapalapa intumescent e hoʻohana ana i ka ammonium polyphosphate ma ke ʻano he mea maka nui i wahi wela i ka ʻoihana, ʻoi aku ka noi no ka ʻano II-ammonium polyphosphate me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka polymerization.

Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻolaha ʻāina, ʻo ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻEulopa Komohana, Iapana a me ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia-Pākīpika (koe naʻe ʻo Iapana) nā mākeke nui ʻehā no ka ammonium polyphosphate. Ua ulu nui ke koi no ka ammonium polyphosphate ma ka mākeke ʻo ʻAsia-Pākīpika a ua lilo i mākeke mea kūʻai aku nui loa o ka honua no ka ammonium polyphosphate, e helu ana i 55.0% i ka makahiki 2018.

Ma ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana, ua kau nui ʻia nā mea hana APP honua ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻEulopa a me Kina. ʻO nā lama nui e komo pū ana me Clariant, ICL, Monsanto mai USA (PhoschekP/30), Hoechst mai Kelemania (Exolit263), Montedison mai Italia (SpinflamMF8), Sumitomo a me Nissan mai Iapana, a pēlā aku.
Ma ka ʻāpana ammonium polyphosphate a me ka mea hoʻoulu wai, ʻo ICL, Simplot, a me PCS nā ʻoihana nui, a ʻo ke koena he mau ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a me waena.