Hoʻolauna ʻana o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe UV

He nui ka mālamalama ultraviolet i loko o ka lā e hōʻino ai i nā mea kala. ʻO kona nalu he 290 ~ 460nm. ʻO kēia mau kukuna ultraviolet ʻino e hoʻoulu ai i nā molekole kala e pala a mae ma o nā hopena hoʻemi oxidation-reduction kemika. Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻomoʻa ultraviolet ke pale pono a hoʻonāwaliwali paha i ka hōʻino ʻia o nā kukuna ultraviolet i nā mea i pale ʻia.

ʻO ka mea hoʻomoʻa UV kahi mea hoʻopaʻa kukui e hiki ke omo i ka ʻāpana ultraviolet o ka lā a me nā kumu kukui fluorescent me ka hoʻololi ʻole ʻana iā ia iho. Hoʻopuka nā plastics a me nā mea polymer ʻē aʻe i nā hopena auto-oxidation ma lalo o ka lā a me ka fluorescence ma muli o ka hana a nā kukuna ultraviolet, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka hōʻino a me ka hōʻino ʻana o nā polymers, a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ke ʻano a me nā waiwai mechanical. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻomoʻa UV, hiki ke koho ʻia kēia kukui ultraviolet ikehu kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻolilo iā ia i ikehu ʻino ʻole a hoʻokuʻu ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia paha. Ma muli o nā ʻano polymers like ʻole, ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi nā nalu o nā kukuna ultraviolet e hōʻino ai iā lākou. Hiki i nā mea hoʻomoʻa UV like ʻole ke omo i nā kukuna ultraviolet o nā nalu like ʻole. I ka wā e hoʻohana ai, pono e koho ʻia nā mea hoʻomoʻa UV e like me ke ʻano o ka polymer.

Nā ʻano o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe UV

ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau o nā mea hoʻomohu UV e komo pū ana me: benzotriazole (e like meMea hoʻopū UV 327), benzophenone (e like meMea hoʻopū UV 531), triazine (e like meMea hoʻopū UV 1164), a me ka amine i kāohi ʻia (e like meMea Hoʻopaʻa Mālamalama 622).

ʻO nā mea hoʻomoʻa UV Benzotriazole ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma Kina i kēia manawa, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea hoʻomoʻa UV triazine ma mua o ka benzotriazole. Loaʻa i nā mea hoʻomoʻa Triazine nā waiwai hoʻomoʻa UV maikaʻi loa a me nā pono ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o nā polymers, loaʻa ka paʻa wela maikaʻi loa, ka paʻa hana maikaʻi, a me ke kūpaʻa waikawa. I nā noi hana, loaʻa i nā mea hoʻomoʻa UV triazine kahi hopena synergistic maikaʻi me nā mea hoʻopaʻa kukui amine hindered. Ke hoʻohana pū ʻia nā mea ʻelua, loaʻa iā lākou nā hopena maikaʻi ma mua o ka wā e hoʻohana wale ʻia ai.

ʻO kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe UV i ʻike pinepine ʻia

(1)UV-531
Pauka kristal melemele māmā a keʻokeʻo paha. Ka nui o ka density 1.160g/cm³ (25℃). Hehi 48~49℃. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka acetone, benzene, ethanol, isopropanol, hoʻoheheʻe iki ʻia i loko o ka dichloroethane, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana i loko o kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe (g/100g, 25℃) he acetone 74, benzene 72, methanol 2, ethanol (95%) 2.6, n-heptane 40, n-hexane 40.1, wai 0.5. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomoe UV, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomoe ikaika i ka mālamalama ultraviolet me ka nalu o 270~330nm. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā plastics like ʻole, ʻoiai ka polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, ABS resin, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride. He kūpono maikaʻi kona me nā resins a haʻahaʻa ka volatility. ʻO ka dosage maʻamau he 0.1%~1%. He hopena synergistic maikaʻi kona ke hoʻohana ʻia me kahi liʻiliʻi o 4,4-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-p-cresol). Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia huahana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa māmā no nā ʻano uhi like ʻole.

(2)UV-327
Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopūʻiwa UV, ua like kona ʻano a me kona hoʻohana ʻana me nā mea o benzotriazole UV-326. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopūʻiwa ikaika i nā kukuna ultraviolet me ka nalu o 270 ~ 380nm, he kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi a haʻahaʻa loa ka volatility. Loaʻa iā ia ka launa maikaʻi me nā polyolefins. He kūpono loa ia no ka polyethylene a me ka polypropylene. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester, ABS resin, epoxy resin, cellulose resin, a pēlā aku. Loaʻa i kēia huahana ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka sublimation wela, ke kūpaʻa holoi, ke kūpaʻa mae kinoea a me ka paʻa ʻana o nā waiwai mechanical. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hopena synergistic koʻikoʻi ke hoʻohana ʻia me nā antioxidants. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa oxidation thermal o ka huahana.

(3)UV-9
Pauka kristal melemele māmā a keʻokeʻo paha. Ka nui o ka ʻike 1.324g/cm³. Hehi 62~66℃. He paila 150~160℃ (0.67kPa), 220℃ (2.4kPa). Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik e like me ka acetone, ketone, benzene, methanol, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, akā, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. ʻO ka mea hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe (g/100g, 25℃) he mea hoʻoheheʻe benzene 56.2, n-hexane 4.3, ethanol (95%) 5.8, carbon tetrachloride 34.5, styrene 51.2, DOP 18.7. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopūʻiwa UV, kūpono ia no nā ʻano plastik like ʻole e like me ka polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, unsaturated polyester, ABS resin, cellulose resin, a pēlā aku. ʻO ka laulā nalu omo kiʻekiʻe loa he 280 ~ 340nm, a ʻo ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau he 0.1% ~ 1.5%. He kūpaʻa maikaʻi kona a ʻaʻole e pala ma 200 ℃. ʻAʻole omo kēia huahana i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia, no laila kūpono ia no nā huahana aniani māmā. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia huahana i nā pena a me ka rubber synthetic.