I-Ammonium polyphosphate, ebizwa ngokuba yiI-APP, yi-phosphate equlethe i-nitrogen enembonakalo yomgubo omhlophe. Ngokwezinga layo le-polymerization, inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu: i-polymerization ephantsi, i-polymerization ephakathi kunye ne-polymerization ephezulu. Okukhona i-polymerization inkulu, kokukhona ukunyibilika kwamanzi kuncinci. I-crystalline ammonium polyphosphate yi-polyphosphate enganyibilikiyo emanzini kwaye ine-chain ende. Kukho iintlobo ezintlanu ukusuka ku-I ukuya ku-V.

I-crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate enezinga eliphezulu le-polymerization ineengenelo ezibalulekileyo kwicandelo lezinto ze-polymer ngenxa yokunganyibiliki kakuhle kwamanzi, ubushushu obuphezulu bokubola, kunye nokuhambelana okuhle nezinto ze-polymer. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezithintela ilangatye ezine-halogen, i-crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate ineempawu zetyhefu ephantsi, umsi omncinci, kunye nezinto ezingaphiliyo. Luhlobo olutsha lwe-inorganic flame retardant esebenza kakuhle kakhulu.

Imbali yophuhliso lwesicelo
Ngo-1857, i-ammonium polyphosphate yaqala ukufundwa.
Ngo-1961, yasetyenziswa njengesichumiso esinoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Ngo-1969, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji entsha kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwizinto ezithintela amalangabi.
Ngo-1970, i-United States yaqala ukuvelisa i-ammonium polyphosphate ethintela ilangabi.
Ngowe-1972, iJapan yaqala ukuvelisa i-ammonium polyphosphate ethintela ilangatye.
Kwiminyaka yoo-1980, iTshayina yafunda nge-ammonium polyphosphate ethintela ilangatye.

Izicelo ezifakiweyo
I-Ammonium polyphosphate isetyenziswa kakhulu njengearhente yonyango ethintela ilangatye kwiiplastiki, irabha, kunye neefayibha;
Ingasetyenziselwa nokulungisa izinto ezithintela umlilo ezingaphakathi kwesisu ukuze kulungiswe ukhuseleko lomlilo kwiinqanawa, oololiwe, iintambo kunye nezakhiwo eziphakamileyo, kunye neenkuni kunye nephepha ezithintela umlilo.
Ikwasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izixhobo zokucima umlilo ezisebenzisa umgubo owomileyo zokucima umlilo omkhulu kwiindawo zamalahle, kwimithombo yeoyile nasemahlathini;
Ukongeza, ingasetyenziswa njengesichumiso.

Imakethi yehlabathi
Ngenxa yokuphuhliswa kwezinto ezithintela ilangatye kwihlabathi liphela kwicala le-halogen-free, izinto ezithintela ilangatye ezisebenzisa i-ammonium polyphosphate njengezinto eziphambili ezisetyenzisiweyo ziye zaba yindawo ethandwayo kushishino, ingakumbi imfuno ye-type II-ammonium polyphosphate enezinga eliphezulu le-polymerization.

Ngokuphathelele ukusasazwa kwemimandla, uMntla Melika, iNtshona Yurophu, iJapan kunye nommandla we-Asia-Pacific (ngaphandle kweJapan) zezona marike zine ziphambili ze-ammonium polyphosphate. Imfuno ye-ammonium polyphosphate kwimarike ye-Asia-Pacific ikhule kakhulu kwaye ngoku ibe yimarike enkulu yabathengi be-ammonium polyphosphate, ebalelwa kwi-55.0% ngo-2018.

Ngokuphathelele imveliso, abavelisi be-APP behlabathi bagxile kakhulu eMntla Melika, eYurophu naseTshayina. Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka iClariant, ICL, Monsanto evela e-USA (PhoschekP/30), iHoechst evela eJamani (Exolit263), iMontedison evela e-Itali (SpinflamMF8), iSumitomo kunye neNissan evela eJapan, njl.
Kwicandelo le-ammonium polyphosphate kunye nesichumiso solwelo, i-ICL, i-Simplot, kunye ne-PCS zezona nkampani ziphambili, kwaye ezinye ziinkampani ezincinci neziphakathi.