Umthamo wemveliso yephepha kunye nebhodi yephepha
Imveliso iyonke yephepha nebhodi yephepha kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2022 iya kuba ziitoni ezingama-419.90 ezigidi, nto leyo engaphantsi nge-1.0% kuneetoni ezingama-424.07 ezigidi ngo-2021. Umthamo wemveliso yeentlobo eziphambili ziitoni ezili-11.87 ezigidi zephepha leendaba, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka kwe-4.1% ukusuka kwiitoni ezili-12.38 ezigidi ngo-2021; ukuprinta nokubhala iphepha ziitoni ezingama-79.16 ezigidi, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka kwe-4.1% ukusuka kwiitoni ezingama-80.47 ezigidi ngo-2021. 1%; iphepha lasekhaya ziitoni ezingama-44.38 ezigidi, ukunyuka kwe-3.0% ukusuka kwiitoni ezingama-43.07 ezigidi ngo-2021; izinto ezirhangqiweyo (iphepha elisisiseko kunye nebhodi yesikhongozeli) ziitoni ezili-188.77 ezigidi, ukwehla kwe-2.8% ukusuka kwiitoni ezili-194.18 ezigidi ngo-2021; Ezinye iiphepha zokupakisha kunye nekhadibhodi beziziitoni ezingama-86.18 ezigidi, ukonyuka kwe-2.4% ukusuka kwiitoni ezingama-84.16 ezigidi ngo-2021. Ngokwesakhiwo semveliso, iphepha leendaba libalelwa kwi-2.8%, iphepha lokuprinta nokubhala libalelwa kwi-18.9%, iphepha lasekhaya libalelwa kwi-10.6%, izinto ezirhabaxa zibalelwa kwi-45.0%, kunye nezinye iiphepha zokupakisha kunye nekhadibhodi zibalelwa kwi-20.5%. Umlinganiselo wephepha leendaba kunye nokushicilela kunye nokubhala kwimveliso iyonke yephepha kunye nebhodi yephepha uye wehla kangangeminyaka emininzi. Umlinganiselo wephepha leendaba kunye nokushicilela kunye nokubhala ngo-2022 zombini zehle ngamanqaku epesenti angama-0.1 xa kuthelekiswa no-2021; umlinganiselo wezinto ezirhabaxa uhle ngamanqaku epesenti angama-0.7 xa kuthelekiswa no-2021; kwaye umlinganiselo wephepha lasekhaya unyuke ngamanqaku epesenti angama-0.4 ngo-2022 xa kuthelekiswa no-2021.

Ngowama-2022, imveliso yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha kwihlabathi liphela iya kuba yeyona iphezulu eAsia, ilandelwe yiYurophu noMntla Melika kwindawo yesithathu, apho imveliso ifikelela kwi-203.75 yezigidi zeetoni, i-103.62 yezigidi zeetoni kunye ne-75.58 yezigidi zeetoni ngokwahlukeneyo, nto leyo ethetha i-48.5%, i-24.7% kunye ne-18.0% yemveliso iyonke yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha kwihlabathi liphela ye-419.90 yezigidi zeetoni ngokwahlukeneyo. Umthamo wemveliso yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha eAsia uya kunyuka nge-1.5% ngo-2022 xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2021, ngelixa umthamo wemveliso yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha eYurophu naseMntla Melika uya kwehla xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2021, nge-5.3% kunye ne-2.9% ngokwahlukeneyo.

Ngowama-2022, umthamo wemveliso yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha eTshayina ubekwe kwindawo yokuqala, i-United States ibekwe kwindawo yesibini kwaye i-Japan ibekwe kwindawo yesithathu, ngomthamo wemveliso oyi-124.25 yezigidi zeetoni, iitoni ezingama-66.93 ezigidi, kunye neetoni ezingama-23.67 ezigidi ngokulandelanayo. Xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2021, i-China inyuke nge-2.64%, kwaye i-United States ne-Japan zehle nge-3.2% kunye ne-1.1% ngokulandelanayo. Ukuveliswa kwephepha nebhodi yamaphepha kula mazwe mathathu kubhekiselele kwi-29.6%, 16.6% kunye ne-5.6% ngokulandelanayo yemveliso iyonke yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha ehlabathini. Ukuveliswa iyonke kwephepha nebhodi yamaphepha kula mazwe mathathu kubhekiselele kwi-50.8% yemveliso iyonke yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha ehlabathini. Imveliso iyonke yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha eTshayina iza kubalelwa kwi-29.3% yemveliso iyonke yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha ehlabathini ukusuka kwi-15.3% ngo-2005, imalunga ne-30% yemveliso iyonke yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha ehlabathini.

Phakathi kwamazwe ali-10 aphezulu kwimveliso yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha ngo-2022, amazwe odwa anokukhula kwemveliso yephepha nebhodi yamaphepha yiTshayina, iIndiya neBrazil. Onke amanye amazwe afumene ukwehla okukhulu, apho i-Itali neJamani zifumene ukwehla okukhulu, kunye nokwehla kwe-8.7% kunye ne-6.5% ngokulandelelana.

Ukusetyenziswa kwephepha kunye nebhodi yephepha
Ukusetyenziswa kwephepha nebhodi ephepheni kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2022 yi-423.83 yezigidi zeetoni, ukwehla konyaka nge-1.2% ukusuka kwi-428.99 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2021, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwephepha emhlabeni jikelele yi-53.6kg. Phakathi kwemimandla yehlabathi, uMntla Melika unendawo ephezulu yokusebenzisa iphepha ephepheni kwi-191.8kg, kulandele iYurophu ne-Oceania, nge-112.0 kunye ne-89.9kg ngokulandelelana. Ukusetyenziswa kwephepha e-Asia yi-47.3kg, eLatin America yi-46.7kg, kwaye e-Afrika yi-7.2kg kuphela.
Phakathi kwamazwe ehlabathini ngo-2022, iChina ineyona ndawo iphezulu esetyenziswa kakhulu ngamaphepha kunye nekhadibhodi kwiitoni ezili-124.03 lezigidi; ilandelwe yi-United States kwiitoni ezingama-66.48 lezigidi; kunye neJapan kwakhona kwiitoni ezingama-22.81 lezigidi. Ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo kwala mazwe mathathu yi-87.8, 198.2 kunye ne-183.6 kg ngokwahlukeneyo.

Kukho amazwe asi-7 abonakala ngathi asebenzisa iphepha nekhadibhodi ngaphezulu kweetoni ezili-10 ezigidi ngo-2022. Xa kuthelekiswa no-2021, phakathi kwamazwe ali-10 aphezulu abonakala ngathi asebenzisa iphepha nebhodi ngo-2022, yi-India, i-Itali, neMexico kuphela ezibone ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwephepha nebhodi, apho i-India inokwanda okukhulu kwe-10.3%.

Ukuveliswa kwepulp nokusetyenziswa kwayo
Imveliso yepulp yehlabathi iyonke ngo-2022 iya kuba ziitoni eziyi-181.76 ezigidi, ukwehla kwe-0.5% ukusuka kwi-182.76 ezigidi zeetoni ngo-2021. Phakathi kwazo, umthamo wemveliso yepulp yamakhemikhali yayiyi-142.16 ezigidi zeetoni, ukwehla kwe-0.6% ukusuka kwi-143.05 ezigidi zeetoni ngo-2021; umthamo wemveliso yepulp yoomatshini yayiyi-25.33 ezigidi zeetoni, ukunyuka kwe-0.5% ukusuka kwi-25.2 ezigidi zeetoni ngo-2021; umthamo wemveliso yepulp yoomatshini exutyiweyo yayiziitoni eziyi-5.21 ezigidi, ukwehla kwe-6.2% ukusuka kwi-5.56 ezigidi zeetoni ngo-2021. Imveliso yepulp iyonke eMntla Melika yi-54.17 ezigidi zeetoni, ukwehla kwe-5.2% ukusuka kwi-57.16 ezigidi zeetoni ngo-2021. Imveliso yepulp iyonke eMntla Melika ibandakanya i-31.4% yemveliso yepulp yehlabathi iyonke. Imveliso iyonke yepulp eYurophu naseAsia yayiyi-43.69 yezigidi zeetoni kunye ne-47.34 yezigidi zeetoni ngokwahlukeneyo, nto leyo ethetha i-24.0% kunye ne-26.0% yemveliso iyonke yepulp yenkuni kwihlabathi liphela ngokwahlukeneyo. Imveliso yepulp ye-mechanical pulp yehlabathi igxile e-Asia, eYurophu, naseMntla Melika, apho ivolumu yemveliso yazo iyi-9.42 yezigidi zeetoni, i-7.85 yezigidi zeetoni, kunye ne-6.24 yezigidi zeetoni ngokwahlukeneyo. Imveliso iyonke yepulp ye-mechanical pulp kwezi ndawo zintathu ibandakanya i-92.8% yemveliso iyonke yepulp ye-mechanical pulp kwihlabathi liphela.

Imveliso yepulp engeyomithi kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2022 iya kuba ziitoni ezizizigidi ezi-9.06, ukunyuka kwe-1.2% ukusuka kwiitoni ezizizigidi ezi-8.95 ngo-2021. Phakathi kwazo, imveliso yepulp engeyomithi e-Asia yayiyi-7.82 yezigidi zeetoni.
Ngowama-2022, i-United States, iBrazil kunye neTshayina zezona zizwe zintathu zinemveliso enkulu ye-pulp. Imveliso yazo iyonke ye-pulp yi-40.77 yezigidi zeetoni, i-24.52 yezigidi zeetoni kunye ne-21.15 yezigidi zeetoni ngokwahlukeneyo.

Onke amazwe ali-10 aphezulu ngo-2021 akhethwe phakathi kwamazwe ali-10 aphezulu ngo-2022. Phakathi kwamazwe ali-10, iChina neBrazil zibone ukwanda okukhulu kwemveliso yepulp, kunye nokunyuka kwe-16.9% kunye ne-8.7% ngokwahlukeneyo; iFinland, iRussia, kunye ne-United States zibone ukwehla okukhulu, kunye nokunyuka kwe-13.7%, 5.8%, kunye ne-5.3% ngokwahlukeneyo.

Inkampani yethu ibonelela ngezongezo zeekhemikhali kushishino lwephepha, ezifanaiarhente yamandla amanzi, isithambisi, iarhente yokuthintela amagwebu, iarhente yamandla omileyo, iPAM, iEDTA 2Na, iEDTA 4Na, iDTPA 5NA, i-OBA, njl.njl.

Inqaku elilandelayo liza kunika umbono opheleleyo ngorhwebo lwephepha lwehlabathi.

Isalathiso: Ingxelo Yonyaka Yoshishino Lwephepha LwaseTshayina Yowama-2022