Izinto ezisasaza izinto zizinto ezisetyenziswa ngaphezulu komhlaba ezisetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa amasuntswana aqinileyo kwiindawo ezifana nezinto zokuncamathelisa, iipeyinti, iiplastiki kunye nezinto ezixutyiweyo zeplastiki.

Ngaphambili, iingubo zazingafuni zi-dispersants. Iinkqubo ezifana ne-alkyd kunye ne-nitro paint zazingafuni zi-dispersants. Ii-dispersants azizange zivele de kwafika ipeyinti ye-acrylic resin kunye nepeyinti ye-polyester resin. Oku kukwanxulumene kakhulu nophuhliso lwee-pigments, kuba ukusetyenziswa kwee-pigments eziphezulu akunakuhlulwa kuncedo lwee-dispersants.
Izisasazi zizinto ezongezwayo kumphezulu ezisetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa amasuntswana aqinileyo kwimidiya efana nezincamathelisi, iipeyinti, iiplastiki kunye nemixube yeplastiki. Isiphelo saso sisixokelelwane sokunyibilikisa esinokunyibilikiswa kwimidiya eyahlukeneyo yokusasazeka, kwaye esinye isiphelo liqela elinamathelayo lepigment elinokufunxwa kumphezulu weepigments ezahlukeneyo kwaye lisetyenziswe ukuguqula libe yi-solid/liquid interface (isisombululo sepigment/resin).

Isisombululo se-resin kufuneka singene kwiindawo eziphakathi kwee-pigment agglomerates. Zonke ii-pigment zikhona njengee-pigment agglomerates, ezizii-"inqokelela" zee-pigment particles, apho umoya kunye nokufuma okufumaneka kwiindawo zangaphakathi phakathi kwee-pigment particles nganye nganye. Ezi nxalenye zidibana emaphethelweni nakwiikona, kwaye ukusebenzisana phakathi kwee-particles kuncinci, ngoko ke la mandla anokoyiswa zizixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokusasazeka. Kwelinye icala, ii-aggregates zincinci ngakumbi, kwaye kukho ukudibana ubuso ngobuso phakathi kwee-pigment particles nganye nganye, ngoko ke kunzima kakhulu ukuzisasaza zibe zii-particles eziphambili. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokusila i-pigment dispersion, ii-pigment agglomerates ziba ncinci kancinci; imeko efanelekileyo kukufumana ii-particles eziphambili.

Inkqubo yokusila i-pigment ingahlulwa-hlulwa ibe ngamanyathelo amathathu alandelayo: inyathelo lokuqala kukumanzisa. Phantsi kokuxukuxa, wonke umoya kunye nokufuma okuphezu kwe-pigment kuyakhutshwa kwaye kuthatyathelwe indawo yisisombululo se-resin. I-dispersant iphucula ukumanzisa kwe-pigment, iguqula i-solid/gas interface ibe yi-solid/liquid interface kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusila; inyathelo lesibini yinkqubo yokwenyani yokusila i-pigment dispersion. Ngokusebenzisa amandla oomatshini kunye namandla okucheba, ii-pigment agglomerates ziyaphuka kwaye ubungakanani be-particle buncitshiswa bube zii-primary particles. Xa i-pigment ivulwa ngamandla oomatshini, i-dispersant iya kutsala ngokukhawuleza kwaye igoqe ii-particles ezincinci; kwinyathelo lesithathu lokugqibela, i-pigment dispersion kufuneka ihlale izinzile ngokwaneleyo ukuthintela ukwakheka kwe-flocculation engalawulwayo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-dispersant efanelekileyo kunokugcina amasuntswana e-pigment kumgama ofanelekileyo ukusuka komnye komnye ngaphandle kokubuyisela unxibelelwano. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi, kufuneka imeko ezinzileyo yokuphuma kwe-flocculation. Kwezinye iinkqubo, ukusasazwa kwe-pigment kunokuhlala kuzinzile phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo ze-coflocculation. Izixhobo zokumanzisa zinokunciphisa umahluko woxinzelelo lomphezulu phakathi kwe-pigment kunye nesisombululo se-resin, okukhawulezisa ukumanzisa kwee-agglomerates ze-pigment yi-resin; izixhobo zokusasazeka ziphucula uzinzo lokusasazwa kwe-pigment. Ke ngoko, imveliso efanayo idla ngokuba nemisebenzi yezixhobo zokumanzisa kunye nezokusasaza.

Ukusasazwa kwemibala yinkqubo ukusuka kwi-aggregate ukuya kwi-dispersed state. Njengoko ubungakanani be-particle buncipha kwaye indawo yomphezulu iyanda, amandla omphezulu wenkqubo nawo ayanda.
Ekubeni amandla omphezulu wenkqubo ehla ngokungazinzanga, kokukhona ukwanda kwendawo yomphezulu kubonakala ngakumbi, kokukhona kufuneka amandla amaninzi okusetyenziswa ngaphandle ngexesha lenkqubo yokusila, kwaye kokukhona kufuneka isiphumo sokuzinza se-dispersant ukuze kugcinwe uzinzo lokusasazeka kwenkqubo. Ngokubanzi, ii-pigments ezingaphiliyo zinemilinganiselo emikhulu yee-particle, iindawo ezithile eziphantsi, kunye ne-surface polarity ephezulu, ngoko ke kulula ukuzisasaza nokuzinzisa; ngelixa ii-pigments ezahlukeneyo ze-organic kunye ne-carbon black zinemilinganiselo emincinci yee-particle, iindawo ezithile ezinkulu, kunye ne-surface polarity ephantsi, ngoko ke kunzima ukuzisasaza nokuzinzisa.

Ngoko ke, izinto ezisasaza umbala zibonelela ngemiba emithathu yokusebenza: (1) ukuphucula ukumanzisa umbala kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusila; (2) ukunciphisa i-viscosity kunye nokuphucula ukuhambelana nezinto ezisisiseko, ukuphucula ukukhanya, ukugcwala kunye nokucaca komfanekiso, kunye nokuphucula uzinzo lokugcina; (3) ukwandisa amandla okudaya umbala kunye noxinzelelo lombala kunye nokuphucula uzinzo lokudaya umbala.

Izixhobo ezintsha zeNanjing Reborn zibonelelaiarhente yokunyibilikisa amanzi kwiipeyinti kunye neengubo, kuquka ezinye ezifana neDisperbyk.

In inqaku elilandelayo, siza kuphonononga iintlobo zee-dispersants ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ngembali yophuhliso lwee-dispersants.