Polyurethane e tsamaisoang ka metsi ke mofuta o mocha oa sistimi ea polyurethane e sebelisang metsi ho fapana le metsoako ea tlhaho e le mokhoa oa ho qhalakanya. E na le melemo ea ho se silafale, ho se sireletsehe le ho tšepahala, thepa e ntle ea mechini, ho lumellana hantle le ho fetoloa habonolo.
Leha ho le jwalo, thepa ya polyurethane le yona e na le bothata ba ho se kgone ho thibela metsi hantle, ho se kgone ho futhumatsa le ho se kgone ho qhibidihisa metsi ka lebaka la ho hloka dibopeho tse tsitsitseng tsa ho hokahanya.

Ka hona, ho hlokahala ho ntlafatsa le ho ntlafatsa thepa e fapaneng ea ts'ebeliso ea polyurethane ka ho hlahisa li-monomers tse sebetsang joalo ka fluorosilicone ea tlhaho, resin ea epoxy, ester ea acrylic le nanomaterials.
Har'a tsona, thepa ea polyurethane e fetotsoeng ea nanomaterial e ka ntlafatsa haholo thepa ea tsona ea mechini, ho hanyetsa ho tsofala le botsitso ba mocheso. Mekhoa ea phetoho e kenyelletsa mokhoa oa ho kopanya lintho tse kopantsoeng, mokhoa oa ho etsa polymerization ka har'a situ, mokhoa oa ho kopanya, jj.

Nano Silika
SiO2 e na le sebopeho sa marangrang a mahlakore a mararo, se nang le palo e kholo ea lihlopha tse sebetsang tsa hydroxyl holim'a eona. E ka ntlafatsa thepa e felletseng ea motsoako ka mor'a ho kopanngoa le polyurethane ka covalent bond le van der Waals force, joalo ka ho tenyetseha, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le o tlase, ho hanyetsa botsofali, jj. Guo et al. ba entse nano-SiO2 modified polyurethane ba sebelisa mokhoa oa in-situ polymerization. Ha litaba tsa SiO2 li ne li ka ba 2% (wt, karolo ea boima, e tšoanang ka tlase), viscosity ea shear le matla a peel a sekhomaretsi li ntlafalitsoe ka botlalo. Ha li bapisoa le polyurethane e hloekileng, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le matla a ho tensile le tsona li eketsehile hanyane.

Nano Zinc oxide
Nano ZnO e na le matla a phahameng a mechini, thepa e ntle ea ho loantša libaktheria le bacteriostatic, hammoho le bokhoni bo matla ba ho monya mahlaseli a infrared le tšireletso e ntle ea UV, e leng se etsang hore e lokele ho etsa thepa e nang le mesebetsi e khethehileng. Awad le ba bang ba sebelisitse mokhoa oa nanopositron ho kenyelletsa li-filler tsa ZnO ho polyurethane. Phuputso e fumane hore ho na le tšebelisano-'moho pakeng tsa li-nanoparticles le polyurethane. Ho eketsa litaba tsa nano ZnO ho tloha ho 0 ho isa ho 5% ho ekelitse mocheso oa phetoho ea khalase (Tg) ea polyurethane, e leng se ntlafalitseng botsitso ba eona ba mocheso.

Nano Calcium Carbonate
Tšebelisano e matla pakeng tsa nano CaCO3 le matrix e ntlafatsa haholo matla a ho tensile a thepa ea polyurethane. Gao le ba bang ba ile ba qala ka ho fetola nano-CaCO3 ka oleic acid, eaba ba lokisa polyurethane/CaCO3 ka polymerization ea in-situ. Teko ea infrared (FT-IR) e bontšitse hore nanoparticles li ne li hasantsoe ka ho lekana ka har'a matrix. Ho ea ka liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea mechini, ho fumanoe hore polyurethane e fetotsoeng ka nanoparticles e na le matla a ho tensile a phahameng ho feta polyurethane e hloekileng.

Graphene
Graphene (G) ke sebopeho se nang le mekhahlelo se hokahaneng le di-orbital tsa SP2 tse kopantsweng, tse bontshang ho tsamaisa mocheso hantle, ho tsamaisa mocheso, le botsitso. E na le matla a hodimo, ho tiya hantle, mme e bonolo ho kobeha. Wu et al. ba entse di-nanocomposites tsa Ag/G/PU, mme ka keketseho ya dikahare tsa Ag/G, botsitso ba mocheso le ho se tshabe metsi ha thepa e kopaneng di ile tsa tswela pele ho ntlafala, mme tshebetso ya ho thibela dikokwana-hloko le yona ya eketseha ka ho ya ka yona.

Li-nanotube tsa khabone
Li-nanotube tsa carbon (CNTs) ke li-nanomaterial tsa tubule tse nang le tekanyo e le 'ngoe tse hokahantsoeng ke li-hexagon, 'me hajoale ke e 'ngoe ea thepa e nang le mefuta e mengata ea ts'ebeliso. Ka ho sebelisa matla a eona a phahameng, ho tsamaisa motlakase, le thepa ea polyurethane composite, botsitso ba mocheso, thepa ea mechini, le ho tsamaisa motlakase ha thepa li ka ntlafatsoa. ​​Wu et al. o hlahisitse li-CNT ka polymerization ea in-situ ho laola kholo le ho thehoa ha likaroloana tsa emulsion, ho nolofalletsa li-CNT ho hasana ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ka har'a matrix ea polyurethane. Ka litaba tse ntseng li eketseha tsa CNTs, matla a ho thaepa a thepa e kopaneng a ntlafalitsoe haholo.

Khamphani ea rona e fana ka boleng bo holimoSilica e Fumed, Disebediswa tse Thibelang Hydrolysis (disebediswa tse kopanyang, Carbodiimide), disebediswa tse monyang UV, jj., tse ntlafatsang tshebetso ya polyurethane haholo.