Ko te kaiāwhina whakapūmau he momo tāpiri mahi hou e taea ai te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ngā āhuatanga miihini o ngā hua pēnei i te mārama, te kanapa o te mata, te kaha kume, te pakari, te pāmahana whakararuraru wera, te ātete pānga, te ātete ngoki, me ētahi atu mā te whakarerekē i te whanonga tioata o ngā kapia. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i te tukanga whakaputa kirihou tioata kāore anō kia oti pērā i te polyethylene me te polypropylene i roto i ngā mara motuka, taputapu kāinga, kai, hikohiko, me te hauora. Hei tauira, ko te kaiāwhina whakapūmau he rauemi matua i roto i te whakaputa kapia mahi-teitei pērā i te polypropylene taupū rewa teitei, te polypropylene hou pakari-teitei, pakari-teitei, me te tioata-teitei, te polypropylene β-crystalline, me ngā rauemi polypropylene kua whakarerekētia mō ngā tono pakitara-angiangi motuka. Mā te tāpiri i ngā kaiāwhina whakapūmau motuhake, ka taea te whakaputa kapia he mārama, he pakari, he pakari ake. I te pikinga nui o te whakaputanga ā-rohe o te polypropylene mahi-teitei e hiahia ana ki te tāpiri i ngā kaiāwhina whakapūmau me te tipu tere o te hiahia mō ngā wehewehe māmā motuka me te pākahiko lithium, he nui te pūmanawa whanaketanga mō te mākete kaiāwhina whakapūmau i roto.

He maha ngā momongā kaihoko whakatupu, ā, kei te whakapai tonu te mahi a ā rātou hua. E ai ki ngā momo tioata rerekē i puta mai i ngā kaihoko whakapūpū, ka taea te wehewehe i a rātou ki ngā kaihoko whakapūpū α-crystalline me ngā kaihoko whakapūpū β-crystalline. Ā, ka taea te whakarōpū anō i ngā kaihoko whakapūpū α-crystalline ki ngā momo inorganic, organic, me polymer i runga i ō rātou rerekētanga hanganga. Ko ngā kaihoko whakapūpū inorganic ko ngā kaihoko whakapūpū kua whanake wawe pērā i te talc, te konupūmā waikura, me te mika, he iti te utu me te ngāwari ki te tiki engari he iti te māramatanga me te kanapa o te mata. Ko ngā kaihoko whakapūpū waro ko ngā tote konganuku waikawa carboxylic, ngā tote konganuku phosphate, ngā matū sorbitol benzaldehyde, me ētahi atu. I roto i a rātou, ko ngā matū sorbitol benzaldehyde ngā kaihoko whakapūpū tino pakari i tēnei wā, he pai te mahi me ngā utu iti, ā, kua noho ko te momo kaihoko whakapūpū tino kaha te whanaketanga, te kanorau, me te nui rawa o te rahinga i roto i te motu me te ao. Ko ngā kaihoko whakapūpū polymer ko ngā kaihoko whakapūpū polymeric teitei-ira-rewa, pērā i te polyvinylcyclohexane me te polyvinylpentane. Ko ngā matū whakapūngao β-crystalline he mea hanga ki ngā momo e rua: he iti noa ngā matū polycyclic me ngā hanganga quasi-planar, me ērā i hangaia mai i ētahi waikawa dicarboxylic me ngā waikura, ngā hauwaiwai, me ngā tote o ngā konganuku mai i te Rōpū IIA o te ripanga ā-pūmotu. Mā ngā matū whakapūngao β-crystalline ka whakarite i te pāmahana whakarerekētanga wera o ngā hua me te whakapai ake i tō rātou ātete pānga.

Ngā Tauira o ngā Mahi Hua me ngā Whakamahinga o ngā Ākena Whakapūngao