He momo pūnaha polyurethane hou te polyurethane wai e whakamahi ana i te wai hei utu mō ngā whakarewa rauropi hei reo whakamarara. He painga ōna ko te kore parahanga, te haumaru me te pono, he pai ngā āhuatanga miihini, he pai te hototahi, me te ngāwari ki te whakarerekē.
Heoi anō, he ngoikore hoki te ātete ki te wai, ki te wera, ki te whakarewa hoki o ngā rauemi polyurethane nā te kore o ngā hononga honohono pumau.

Nō reira, me whakapai ake, me arotau hoki i ngā āhuatanga tono o te polyurethane mā te whakauru i ngā monomer mahi pērā i te fluorosilicone organic, te kapia epoxy, te ester acrylic, me ngā nanomaterials.
I roto i ēnei, ka taea e ngā rauemi polyurethane kua whakarerekētia te whakapai ake i ō rātou āhuatanga miihini, te ātete ki te kakahu, me te pumau o te wera. Ko ngā tikanga whakarerekētanga ko te tikanga whakahiato whakauru, te tikanga polymerization in-situ, te tikanga whakaranu, me ētahi atu.

Nano Silica
He hanganga whatunga toru-ahu te SiO2, he nui ngā rōpū hydroxyl hohe kei runga i tōna mata. Ka taea e ia te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga whānui o te hiato i muri i te whakakotahitanga ki te polyurethane mā te hononga covalent me te kaha van der Waals, pērā i te ngāwari, te ātete pāmahana teitei me te iti, te ātete koroheketanga, me ētahi atu. I hangaia e Guo me ētahi atu te polyurethane nano-SiO2 kua whakarerekētia mā te whakamahi i te tikanga polymerization in-situ. I te wā i tata te ihirangi SiO2 ki te 2% (wt, wāhanga papatipu, rite tonu ki raro), i tino pai ake te matotoru kutikuti me te kaha kiri o te piripiri. Ki te whakatauritea ki te polyurethane parakore, kua paku piki ake te ātete pāmahana teitei me te kaha kume.

Nano Konutea Waikura
He kaha ā-ringa teitei tō te Nano ZnO, he pai ngā āhuatanga patu huakita me te ārai huakita, tae atu ki te kaha ki te mimiti i te hihi whero me te ārai UV pai, e pai ai mō te hanga rauemi me ngā mahi motuhake. I whakamahia e Awad me ētahi atu te tikanga nano positron hei whakauru i ngā whakakī ZnO ki roto i te polyurethane. I kitea i roto i te rangahau he taunekeneke atanga i waenga i ngā matūriki nano me te polyurethane. Mā te whakanui ake i te ihirangi o te nano ZnO mai i te 0 ki te 5% ka piki ake te pāmahana whakawhiti karāhe (Tg) o te polyurethane, ā, ka pai ake tōna pumau wera.

Konupūmā Kāponāte Nano
Ko te taunekeneke kaha i waenga i te nano CaCO3 me te matrix ka tino whakarei ake i te kaha kume o ngā rauemi polyurethane. I te tuatahi i whakarerekētia e Gao me ētahi atu te nano-CaCO3 ki te waikawa oleic, kātahi ka whakaritea te polyurethane/CaCO3 mā te polymerization in-situ. I whakaatuhia e te whakamātautau infrared (FT-IR) he rite te marara o ngā nanoparticles i roto i te matrix. E ai ki ngā whakamātautau mahi miihini, i kitea he nui ake te kaha kume o te polyurethane i whakarerekētia ki ngā nanoparticles i te polyurethane parakore.

Karāpene
He hanganga paparanga te Graphene (G) e herea ana e ngā orbital ranu SP2, e whakaatu ana i te kawe hiko tino pai, te kawe wera, me te pumau. He kaha teitei, he pakari pai, ā, he ngāwari ki te piko. I hangaia e Wu me ētahi atu ngā nanocomposites Ag/G/PU, ā, i te pikinga ake o te ihirangi Ag/G, ka haere tonu te pumau wera me te hydrophobicity o te rauemi hiato ki te whakapai ake, ā, ka piki ake hoki te mahi antibacterial.

Ngā Nanotube Waro
Ko ngā nanotube waro (CNT) he rauemi nano ngongo kotahi-ahu e honoa ana e ngā hexagon, ā, i tēnei wā ko tētahi o ngā rauemi he whānuitia ngā whakamahinga. Mā te whakamahi i tōna kaha teitei, tōna kawe hiko, me ōna āhuatanga hiato polyurethane, ka taea te whakapai ake i te pumau wera, ngā āhuatanga miihini, me te kawe hiko o te rauemi. Nā Wu me ētahi atu i whakauru mai ngā CNT mā te polymerization in-situ hei whakahaere i te tipu me te hanganga o ngā matūriki emulsion, kia taea ai te horapa ōrite o ngā CNT ki roto i te matrix polyurethane. Nā te pikinga ake o te ihirangi o ngā CNT, kua tino pai ake te kaha kume o te rauemi hiato.

Ka whakaratohia e tā mātou kamupene he kounga teiteiTe Silica kua whakapūpūtia, Ngā Āpiha Ārai-wai (ngā āpiha honohono, Carbodiimide), Ngā mea mimiti UV, me ētahi atu, e tino whakapai ake ana i te mahi a te polyurethane.