Okwu Mmalite nke ihe na-amịkọrọ UV

Ìhè anyanwụ nwere ọtụtụ ìhè ultraviolet nke na-emerụ ihe ndị nwere agba. Ogologo ogologo ya dị ihe dị ka 290~460nm. Ìhè ultraviolet ndị a na-emerụ ahụ na-eme ka molekul agba gbawaa ma na-apụ n'anya site na mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ na-ebelata oxidation. Ojiji nke ihe na-amịkọrọ ultraviolet nwere ike igbochi ma ọ bụ belata mmebi nke ụzarị ultraviolet na ihe ndị echekwara nke ọma.

Ihe na-amịkọrọ UV bụ ihe na-eme ka ìhè sie ike nke nwere ike ịmịkọrọ akụkụ ultraviolet nke ìhè anyanwụ na isi iyi ọkụ fluorescent na-agbanweghị onwe ya. Plastik na ihe ndị ọzọ e ji eme polima na-emepụta mmeghachi omume auto-oxidation n'okpuru ìhè anyanwụ na fluorescence n'ihi ọrụ nke ụzarị ultraviolet, nke na-eduga na mmebi na mmebi nke polima, yana mmebi nke ọdịdị na ihe onwunwe mechanical. Mgbe etinyere ihe na-amịkọrọ UV, enwere ike ịmịkọrọ ìhè ultraviolet a dị elu nke ukwuu, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ike na-adịghị emerụ ahụ ma hapụ ya ma ọ bụ rie ya. N'ihi ụdị polima dị iche iche, ogologo ebili nke ụzarị ultraviolet nke na-eme ka ha daa dịkwa iche. Ihe na-amịkọrọ UV dị iche iche nwere ike ịmịkọrọ ụzarị ultraviolet nke ogologo ebili dị iche iche. Mgbe a na-eji ya, a ga-ahọrọ ihe na-amịkọrọ UV dịka ụdị polima si dị.

Ụdị ihe na-amịkọrọ UV

Ụdị ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ka UV na-amịkọrọ ihe gụnyere: benzotriazole (dịkaihe na-amịkọrọ UV 327), benzophenone (dịkaIhe na-amịkọrọ UV 531), triazine (dịkaIhe na-amịkọrọ UV 1164), na amine egbochiri (dịkaIhe na-eme ka ọkụ sie ike 622).

Ihe ndị na-amịkọrọ UV Benzotriazole bụ ụdị ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe ugbu a na China, mana mmetụta nke ihe ndị na-amịkọrọ UV triazine ka mma nke ukwuu karịa nke benzotriazole. Ihe ndị na-amịkọrọ Triazine nwere ezigbo ihe ndị na-amịkọrọ UV na uru ndị ọzọ. Enwere ike iji ha mee ihe nke ọma na polymers, nwee ezigbo nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ, ezigbo nkwụsi ike nhazi, na iguzogide acid. N'ọrụ bara uru, ihe ndị na-amịkọrọ UV triazine nwere ezigbo mmetụta synergistic yana ihe ndị na-eme ka amine dịgide. Mgbe ejiri ha abụọ ọnụ, ha na-enwe mmetụta ka mma karịa mgbe ejiri ha naanị ha.

Ọtụtụ ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ ihe ndị na-amịkọrọ UV

(1)UV-531
Ntụ ntụ kristal dị mfe ma ọ bụ ọcha. Njupụta ya bụ 1.160g/cm³ (25℃). Ebe ịgbaze ya bụ 48~49℃. A na-agbaze ya na acetone, benzene, ethanol, isopropanol, ọ na-agbaze ntakịrị na dichloroethane, ọ naghị agbaze na mmiri. Mmiri na-agbaze n'ime ụfọdụ ihe mgbaze (g/100g, 25℃) bụ acetone 74, benzene 72, methanol 2, ethanol (95%) 2.6, n-heptane 40, n-hexane 40.1, mmiri 0.5. Dịka ihe na-amịkọrọ UV, ọ nwere ike ịmịkọrọ ìhè ultraviolet nke ọma na ogologo ebili mmiri nke 270~330nm. Enwere ike iji ya na plastik dị iche iche, ọkachasị polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, resin ABS, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride. Ọ nwere ezigbo ndakọrịta na resins na obere mgbanwe. Usoro izugbe bụ 0.1%~1%. Ọ na-enwe mmetụta dị mma mgbe ejiri ya na obere 4,4-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-p-cresol). Enwere ike iji ngwaahịa a dị ka ihe na-eme ka ìhè sie ike maka ọtụtụ mkpuchi.

(2)UV-327
Dịka ihe na-amịkọrọ UV, njirimara na ojiji ya yiri nke benzotriazole UV-326. Ọ nwere ike ịmịkọrọ ụzarị ultraviolet nke ukwuu na ogologo ebili mmiri nke 270~380nm, nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ na obere mgbanwe dị oke ala. Ọ nwere ezigbo ndakọrịta na polyolefins. Ọ dabara nke ọma maka polyethylene na polypropylene. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike iji ya maka polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester, ABS resin, epoxy resin, cellulose resin, wdg. Ngwaahịa a nwere ezigbo iguzogide sublimation okpomọkụ, nguzogide ịsa ákwà, nguzogide na-ebelata gas na njigide ihe onwunwe igwe. Ọ nwere mmetụta synergistic dị ukwuu mgbe ejiri ya na antioxidants. A na-eji ya eme ka nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ nke ngwaahịa ahụ ka mma.

(3)UV-9
Ntụ ntụ kristal dị mfe ma ọ bụ ọcha. Njupụta ya bụ 1.324g/cm³. Ebe ịgbaze ya bụ 62~66℃. Ebe esi mmiri bụ 150~160℃ (0.67kPa), 220℃ (2.4kPa). A na-agbaze ya n'ọtụtụ ihe mgbaze organic dịka acetone, ketone, benzene, methanol, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, mana ọ naghị agbaze ya n'ime mmiri. Mmiri na-agbaze n'ime ụfọdụ ihe mgbaze (g/100g, 25℃) bụ benzene 56.2, n-hexane 4.3, ethanol (95%) 5.8, carbon tetrachloride 34.5, styrene 51.2, DOP 18.7. Dịka ihe na-amịkọrọ UV, ọ dabara adaba maka ọtụtụ plastik dị iche iche dịka polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, unsaturated polyester, ABS resin, cellulose resin, wdg. Oke ogologo mmiri kachasị bụ 280~340nm, na usoro ọgwụgwọ izugbe bụ 0.1%~1.5%. Ọ nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ ma ọ naghị ere ere na 200℃. Ngwaahịa a anaghị anabata ìhè a na-ahụ anya, yabụ ọ dabara adaba maka ngwaahịa na-acha ọcha na-acha. Enwere ike iji ngwaahịa a na agba na roba sịntetik.