Polyurethane mmiri bụ ụdị sistemụ polyurethane ọhụrụ nke na-eji mmiri kama ihe mgbaze organic dị ka ihe na-agbasa. O nwere uru nke enweghị mmetọ, nchekwa na ntụkwasị obi, ihe onwunwe igwe dị mma, ezigbo ndakọrịta, na mgbanwe dị mfe.
Agbanyeghị, ihe ndị e ji polyurethane mee na-enwekwa nsogbu site na mmiri na-adịghị mma, okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, na ihe ndị na-agbaze mmiri n'ihi enweghị njikọ njikọ kwụsiri ike.

Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa imeziwanye ma melite njirimara dị iche iche nke polyurethane site na iwebata monomers bara uru dịka fluorosilicon organic, epoxy resin, acrylic ester, na nanomaterials.
N'ime ha, ihe polyurethane agbanwere nanomaterial nwere ike ime ka ihe onwunwe ha dịkwuo mma nke ukwuu, iguzogide iyi, na nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ. Usoro mgbanwe gụnyere usoro njikọta intercalation, usoro polymerization in-situ, usoro ngwakọta, wdg.

Nano Silica
SiO2 nwere nhazi netwọk atọ, yana ọtụtụ otu hydroxyl na-arụ ọrụ n'elu ya. Ọ nwere ike imeziwanye ihe ndị mejupụtara ya mgbe ejikọtara ya na polyurethane site na njikọ covalent na ike van der Waals, dị ka mgbanwe, iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu na nke dị ala, iguzogide ịka nká, wdg. Guo et al. mepụtara polyurethane agbanwere nano-SiO2 site na iji usoro polymerization in-situ. Mgbe ọdịnaya SiO2 dị ihe dị ka 2% (wt, oke oke, otu ihe ahụ dị n'okpuru), viscosity shear na ike peel nke ihe nrapado ahụ ka mma nke ukwuu. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere polyurethane dị ọcha, iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu na ike nrụgide amụbaala ntakịrị.

Nano Zinc Oxide
Nano ZnO nwere ike dị elu n'ime ígwè, ezigbo ihe ndị na-egbochi nje bacteria na nje bacteria, yana ikike siri ike ịmịkọrọ radieshon infrared na ezigbo ihe nchebe UV, nke na-eme ka ọ dabara adaba maka ime ihe nwere ọrụ pụrụ iche. Awad na ndị otu ya jiri usoro nano positron tinye ihe ndị na-ejupụta ZnO n'ime polyurethane. Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ chọpụtara na enwere mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nanoparticles na polyurethane. Ịbawanye ọdịnaya nke nano ZnO site na 0 ruo 5% mụbara okpomọkụ mgbanwe iko (Tg) nke polyurethane, nke mere ka ọ dịkwuo mma.

Nano Calcium Carbonate
Mmekọrịta siri ike dị n'etiti nano CaCO3 na matrix na-eme ka ike nrụgide nke ihe polyurethane dịkwuo elu nke ukwuu. Gao na ndị otu ya bu ụzọ gbanwee nano-CaCO3 na oleic acid, wee kwadebe polyurethane/CaCO3 site na polymerization in-situ. Nnwale Infrared (FT-IR) gosiri na nanoparticles gbasaara n'otu n'otu na matrix ahụ. Dịka nnwale arụmọrụ igwe si kwuo, achọpụtara na polyurethane agbanwere na nanoparticles nwere ike nrụgide dị elu karịa polyurethane dị ọcha.

Graphene
Graphene (G) bụ ihe owuwu dị larịị nke SP2 hybrid orbitals jikọtara, nke na-egosipụta ezigbo conductivity, thermal conductivity, na nkwụsi ike. O nwere ike dị elu, ezigbo ike, ma dị mfe ịgbagọ. Wu na ndị otu ya mepụtara Ag/G/PU nanocomposites, na ka ọdịnaya Ag/G na-abawanye, nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ na hydrophobicity nke ihe mejupụtara ahụ nọgidere na-aka mma, arụmọrụ nje bacteria mụbakwara nke ọma.

Kabọn Nanotubes
Nanotubes carbon (CNTs) bụ ihe nano nke nwere otu akụkụ nke tubular nke hexagons jikọtara, ha bụkwa otu n'ime ihe ndị nwere ọtụtụ ojiji. Site na iji ike dị elu ya, njikwa ya, na ihe mejupụtara polyurethane, enwere ike imeziwanye nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ, ihe onwunwe mekaniki, na njikwa nke ihe ahụ. Wu et al. webatara CNTs site na polymerization in-situ iji chịkwaa uto na nhazi nke ihe emulsion, na-eme ka CNT gbasaa n'otu aka ahụ na polyurethane matrix. Site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya nke CNTs, ike nrụgide nke ihe mejupụtara ahụ emeziwanyela nke ukwuu.

Ụlọ ọrụ anyị na-enye ngwaahịa dị eluSilica a na-akpọ Fumed, Ihe ndị na-egbochi hydrolysis (ihe ndị na-ejikọ ihe, Carbodiimide), ihe ndị na-amịkọrọ UVwdg, nke na-eme ka arụmọrụ nke polyurethane ka mma nke ukwuu.